Uman National University | today: 06/27/2025
| Author(s) |
Карпенко В.П., , , Hospodarenko G.M., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Lubych V.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Lecturer of Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Grain, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 106 Part 1 |
| pages | 227-237 | index UDK | 631.811:633.112:631.816 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-106-1-227-237 (Link) |
| Abstract | Purpose. To determine the removal of major nutrients with the yield and their balance in the soil under winter durum wheat crops under different fertilization conditions. Methods. Field, calculation, comparative, analytical, and statistical methods. Results. The removal of nitrogen by winter durum wheat was most significantly influenced by the application of nitrogen fertilizers at a rate of 150 kg/ha of active substance, increasing nitrogen uptake by 53.8–72.0 kg/ha. Phosphorus fertilizers (P30–60) increased phosphorus removal by 9.6–15.3 kg/ha, and potassium fertilizers (K40–80) increased potassium removal by 2.2–5.6 kg/ha, depending on the experimental variant. Nitrogen fertilization also contributed to higher phosphorus uptake by 9.1–11.3 kg/ha and potassium uptake by 17.6–23.6 kg/ha. The share of nitrogen in the total sum of N + P₂O₅ + K₂O in grain yield ranged from 63–68%, phosphorus from 18–22%, and potassium from 13–15%, depending on the treatment. In straw yield, these proportions differed: nitrogen – 26–31%, phosphorus – 14–18%, and potassium – 53–59%. The nitrogen use efficiency from fertilizers by winter durum wheat was highest in the treatment N75P30K40 – 59.2%, and decreased to 35.9–46.4% in other treatments. Phosphorus use efficiency ranged from 18.8% to 31.7%, with the highest in the N150P30K80 variant. Potassium use efficiency significantly depended on the dose of both potassium and especially nitrogen fertilizers. The highest potassium use efficiency (34.8–51.5%) was observed under complete fertilization with 40 kg/ha of K applied. Conclusions. To calculate the nutrient balance in the soil and fertilizer rates for winter durum wheat grown on podzolized chernozem in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe conditions, the following nutrient removal per 1 ton of grain and the corresponding amount of straw (kg) should be considered: nitrogen – 37.3, P₂O₅ – 13.7, and K₂O – 28.6. If the straw yield of winter durum wheat is left in the field as organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizers are applied at 150 kg/ha of active substance, the nitrogen balance becomes positive – from +15.0 to +28.4 kg/ha depending on the treatment. A positive phosphorus balance of +18.5 kg/ha is achieved in the N150P60K80 variant when phosphorus is applied at 60 kg/ha. A positive potassium balance of +12.8 kg/ha is observed in the N150P60K40 variant. | ||
| Key words | nutrients, fertilization, winter durum wheat, nutrient removal, balance | ||