Uman National University | today: 12/25/2025
| Author(s) |
Hospodarenko G.M., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Lubych V.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Lecturer of Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Grain, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Novak Y.W., Candidate of Agricultural Science, , Uman National University of Horticulture Калантир В. О., , , Холод С. М., , , Ілльїчов О. Г., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 107 part 1 |
| pages | 207-215 | index UDK | 57.087.1:633.112:631.816 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-107-1-207-215 (Link) |
| Abstract | Purpose. To determine the duration of the vegetation period and plant height of winter durum wheat under different fertilizer rates and their combinations in a field crop rotation. Methods. Field, measurement, calculation-comparative, analytical, and statistical methods. Results. Calculations show that the duration of interstage development periods of winter wheat plants depended on sowing dates and weather conditions. Thus, the “emergence–tillering” period lasted 31–144 days depending on the weather of the research year, while “tillering–stem elongation” lasted 27–65 days. Other interstage periods were nearly the same and differed by only 5–7 days. The soil nutrient regime shaped by fertilization and weather conditions, as well as ambient temperature and moisture availability, influenced the formation of plant height in winter wheat. At the tillering and stem-elongation stages, no significant differences between the experimental treatments and years of research were observed, with a few exceptions. During tillering, the lowest plants were recorded in the 2020–2021 agricultural year – 4.6–4.8 cm, while in 2021–2022 they reached 5.4–5.5 cm. Plants were significantly shorter in 2021–2022 in the treatment with high mineral fertilizer rates (N150P60K80) – 4.6 cm compared to N150P60 – 4.8 cm. At the stem-elongation stage, plant height was 19–24 cm and depended more on the weather conditions of the year than on fertilization. The greatest differences in plant height were observed during heading and full kernel maturity. During heading, plant height ranged from 40 to 59 cm, and fertilization contributed to better height growth in all research years. Improved nitrogen nutrition had the strongest effect, whereas phosphorus and potassium fertilizers had a minor influence on this indicator. Conclusions. The duration of the vegetation period is influenced by weather conditions. In the less favorable 2019–2020 agricultural year, it was 177 days, while under more favorable conditions it reached 243–244 days. Before harvest, winter durum wheat plants reached 69–87 cm depending on the research year and fertilization. Minor differences in plant height may be explained by the genetic characteristics of the variety. On unfertilized plots plants reached 69–75 cm, whereas under N150P60K80 they reached 77–87 cm, which is a 12–16% increase | ||
| Key words | winter durum wheat, fertilization systems, vegetation period, plant height, lodging resistance, weather conditions | ||