Uman National University | today: 06/27/2025
| Author(s) |
Hospodarenko G.M., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Lubych V.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Lecturer of Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Grain, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Холод С. М., , , Ільїчов О. Г., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 106 Part 1 |
| pages | 496-508 | index UDK | 581.132:633.112]:631.816.1 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-106-1-496-508 (Link) |
| Abstract | Objective. To determine the development of the photosynthetic system of winter durum wheat plants under different fertilizer rates and their combinations within a field crop rotation. Methods. Field experiment, measurement, comparative calculation, analytical, and statistical methods. Results. The leaf area of winter wheat and its dynamics depend both on weather conditions and fertilization. The smallest leaf area was observed during the 2019–2020 growing season, both at the beginning and throughout the vegetation period. For example, in the BBCH 20 and BBCH 50 stages, the leaf area on unfertilized plots was 32% and 67% lower, respectively, compared to the 2021–2022 season. With the application of a complete mineral fertilizer (N150P60K80), these values were 29% and 67% lower, respectively. The dynamics of photosynthetic potential accumulation in winter wheat crops during the study years also depended on weather and fertilization. The most favorable conditions for the formation of this potential occurred during the 2021–2022 growing season. At the BBCH 20 stage, the photosynthetic potential reached 120–126 thousand m²/(ha·day), whereas in 2020–2021 it was only 32–34 thousand m²/(ha·day), depending on the treatment. In general, the photosynthetic potential accumulated most intensively during the BBCH 20–30 phase in all study years, although with varying effectiveness. Conclusions. Types and rates of mineral fertilizers and their combinations differently affect the formation of the leaf area in winter durum wheat. For instance, the application of nitrogen fertilizers at 75 and 150 kg/ha of active ingredient increased the leaf area at the BBCH 50 stage by 35% and 53%, respectively, compared to the control. Meanwhile, the application of only phosphorus and potassium fertilizers did not significantly affect the leaf area formation. A reduction in phosphorus and potassium doses within the fertilizer mixture did not significantly reduce leaf area at the BBCH 73 stage during any of the study years. However, reducing the rate of complete mineral fertilizer by half (to N75P30K40) significantly reduced leaf area at this stage by 11–19%, depending on the year. | ||
| Key words | winter durum wheat, fertilization, leaf area, growth stages, weather conditions. | ||