Uman National University | today: 05/20/2026
| Author(s) |
Yakovenko R.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Лабунець В. Ю., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2026 | issue | Issue 108 part 1 |
| pages | index UDK | 634.11: 631.8 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2026-108-1-33-39 (Link) |
| Abstract | The development of fruit growing in various regions of Ukraine is rapidly increasing. This is due to favorable soil and climatic conditions, the implementation of advanced cultivation technologies, and the pricing policy for apples. To maintain consistently high productivity of orchards and ensure the production of a sufficient quantity of high-quality fruits, it is crucial to apply a scientifically based fertilization system, particularly concerning nitrogen nutrition, as this element is essential for the formation of orchard productivity. Particular attention is paid to nitrogen fertilization of trees, especially in orchards on dwarf rootstocks, where the root system is located in the upper soil layers. When calculating nitrogen fertilizer doses, the content of organic matter in the soil under apple orchards must also be taken into account. In soils with high humus content, nitrogen fertilizers have a significantly lower effect compared to other agrotechnical measures. Under such conditions, it is preferable to apply nitrogen in spring, when its demand is highest, and the release of nitrogen from organic matter through mineralization is minimal. The article presents the results of a study on the effect of optimized nitrogen fertilisation on the productivity of apple trees of the Red Topaz and Rubinola cultivars grown on leached chernozem soils under the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The study was conducted during 2024–2025 in the experimental apple orchard of Uman National University of Horticulture. The experimental treatments included: soil application of 90 kg/ha N (active ingredient) as the production control; soil nitrogen application based on nitrification capacity indicators; a model for calculating nitrogen nutrition; and a variant without fertilizers (absolute control). Previous studies have shown that optimized nitrogen fertilization (application of nitrogen doses based on calculations) increased the yield of experimental apple trees by 13–14% compared to the absolute control and by 5% compared to the production control, and contributed to the improvement of fruit marketability. | ||
| Key words | apple tree, cultivar, Red Topaz, Rubinola, tree productivity, number of flowers, fruit load, orchard yield, fruit quality, nitrogen fertilization | ||