Uman National University | today: 05/23/2026
| Author(s) |
Гетман Н. Я., , , Василенко Р. М., , , Poltoretskiy S.P., Candidate of Agricultural Science, professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2026 | issue | Issue 108 part 1 |
| pages | 194-206 | index UDK | 631.5:631.8:631.147 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2026-108-1-194-206 (Link) |
| Abstract | The article investigates the patterns of green mass formation, dry matter accumulation and biological nitrogen synthesis in the herbage of single-species sowings of winter triticale, winter rapeseed and winter field pea, as well as in brassica-cereal and legume-cereal agrophytocenoses under irrigated conditions. The influence of different seeding rate ratios of mixture components and mineral fertilizer application on crop productivity was studied in field experiments conducted at the Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine during 2016–2018 on dark chestnut medium loamy slightly solonetzic soil. It was established that single-species sowings of winter triticale, winter rapeseed and winter field pea under pre-sowing application of mineral fertilizer at a dose of N₃₀ provided green mass yields of 33.0, 29.9 and 23.1 t/ha respectively at the beginning of ear emergence. Two-component legume-cereal agrophytocenoses exceeded brassica-cereal mixtures in biomass output, which was confirmed by land equivalent ratio (LER) values of 1.22–1.46 versus 1.02–1.13. The optimal seeding rate ratio of winter triticale to the companion crop of 50 : 75 % of the full norm ensured the highest green mass yield (36.6–39.9 t/ha) and dry matter output. Spring top-dressing with ammonium nitrate at a dose of N₃₀ during the tillering phase increased biomass accumulation in single-species sowings of triticale, rapeseed and field pea by 8.1, 8.0 and 5.0 t/ha respectively, and enhanced dry matter synthesis by 21–23 % and biological nitrogen accumulation by 39–57 kg/ha compared to the pre-sowing fertilizer background. Winter triticale demonstrated higher competitiveness over mixture components (CR = 1.12–1.64), while winter field pea exceeded winter rapeseed in competitive ability (CR = 0.21–0.48 vs. 0.09–0.24). The highest productivity across all studied variants was achieved through early spring foliar top-dressing with the chelated complex fertilizer Plantafol 30.10.10 at a rate of 2 kg/ha against the background of pre-sowing N₃₀ application. The legume-cereal agrophytocenosis at the optimal seeding ratio of winter triticale to winter field pea of 50 : 75 % of the full norm provided the maximum green mass yield (48.4 t/ha), dry matter output (10.6 t/ha) and biological nitrogen accumulation (231 kg/ha), substantiating the agronomic feasibility of this practice under irrigated conditions. | ||
| Key words | biological nitrogen, mineral fertilizers, field pea, triticale, winter rapeseed, mixed sowings, agrophytocenosis components, green mass, protein, yield, competitiveness, land equivalent ratio, irrigation | ||