Uman National University | today: 12/25/2025
| Author(s) |
Balabak A.F., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Поліщук В. В., , , |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 107 part 1 |
| pages | 344-354 | index UDK | 581.16:634.1:634.14 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-107-1-344-354 (Link) |
| Abstract | Research conducted in the agroecological conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine focused on improving the rooting efficiency of promising hawthorn varieties and forms that are actively used in modern landscape design but demonstrate weak natural regenerative ability. The varieties Zbigniew, Zlat, Lyudmil, Shamil and the decorative form Paul’s Scarlet were examined, as their propagation by green stem cuttings remains insufficiently developed, and existing agrotechnological approaches do not fully ensure the production of high-quality planting material. The experiments were carried out in 2023–2025 in the nurseries of Uman National University and Brusvyana LLC. The study evaluated the influence of α-naphthylacetic acid (α-NAA) and β-indolylbutyric acid (β-IBA) on the rooting of apical, medial and basal cuttings. It was established that both substances, when applied in optimal concentrations, significantly accelerate the initiation of regeneration processes, enhance callus formation and stimulate the development of adventitious roots. Treated cuttings formed callus after 8–15 days, whereas control variants required up to 20–30 days. The most pronounced effect was observed in Shamil apical cuttings: β-IBA at 10–15 mg/L ensured 81.4–83.2% rooting, exceeding the control by more than one-third; α-NAA at 5–10 mg/L improved the result by 39.1–44.4%. Optimal concentrations also increased the number of roots and their total length, improving the quality of root-own planting material, while excessive concentrations (20–30 mg/L) produced no additional benefits and acted similarly to the control. The improved propagation technology provides 36–48% marketable planting material in the year of rooting, increases the yield of seedlings per square meter and reduces production costs, making hawthorn cultivation more efficient and economically justified under the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. | ||
| Key words | hawthorn, biologically active substances, stem cuttings, rooting, regeneration, adventitious roots, seedlings | ||