Uman National University | today: 12/25/2025
| Author(s) | Сулима А. С., , , | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 107 part 1 |
| pages | 456-464 | index UDK | 631.811:633.16):631.816+631.811.98 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-107-1-456-464 (Link) |
| Abstract | Aim. To determine the effectiveness of winter barley fertilization based on indicators of economic and relative nitrogen removal and its balance in the soil under field crop rotation. Methods. Laboratory, measurement, comparative, analytical, statistical. Results. It was found that economic nitrogen removal with grain yield significantly varied depending on the weather conditions of the study year, fertilization, and application of the plant growth regulator. The highest economic nitrogen removal was recorded in 2025 – 107.6–194.5 kg/ha depending on the experimental variant. In 2024, this indicator ranged from 97.4 to 154.1 kg/ha, and in 2023 – from 91.5 to 138.8 kg/ha depending on the fertilization system without the growth regulator. The reduction in economic nitrogen removal in 2023 and 2024 in variants with paired combinations of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, as well as with full mineral fertilization, was due to lodging of winter barley plants. Higher lodging resistance in 2025 provided a significant increase in nitrogen removal with grain yield. With the use of the plant growth regulator, fertilization increased economic nitrogen removal. In this case, economic removal ranged from 86.7–106.0 kg/ha in the control to 139.9–193.7 kg/ha with full mineral fertilization. The nitrogen balance varied depending on the lodging resistance of winter barley plants. Long-term application of 150 kg/ha N in 2023 without the growth regulator contributed to a positive nitrogen balance, indicating lower nitrogen uptake from fertilizers. This phenomenon was absent in 2024 and 2025. Even with the use of the growth regulator in 2023, the nitrogen balance ranged from +10.1 to +13.8 kg/ha. In 2025, the nitrogen balance was negative regardless of the growth regulator, indicating the environmental safety of nitrogen fertilizer application in the field crop rotation. Conclusions. The use of a plant growth regulator together with fertilizers promotes more efficient nitrogen uptake from fertilizers. The application of N75, regardless of the growth regulator, resulted in a negative nitrogen balance across the study years. Relative nitrogen removal ranged from 14.2–15.5 kg/t in the variant without fertilizers to 18.6–20.2 kg/t with N150P60K80 without the growth regulator. The application of the growth regulator ensured relative nitrogen removal of 14.3–15.7 kg/t in the control and 18.9–20.1 kg/t with full mineral fertilization. | ||
| Key words | economic nitrogen removal, relative nitrogen removal, nitrogen balance, fertilization, weather conditions | ||