Uman National University | today: 06/27/2025
| Author(s) |
Poltoretskiy S.P., Candidate of Agricultural Science, professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Poltoretska N.M., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Яценко В. В., , , Полторецький Д. С., , , Бондарчук А. А., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 106 Part 1 |
| pages | 616-624 | index UDK | 631.554:631.53.01:633.16 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-106-1-616-624 (Link) |
| Abstract | The current task is to develop theoretical foundations for the formation of high-quality millet seed material depending on the agroecological conditions of the growing area and the characteristics of threshing. This will help to better understand the reasons for the decrease in seed quality, and will also allow predicting millet yield in subsequent generations. The purpose of the article is a comprehensive study of the mutual influence of the harvesting method and the degree of seed ripeness in the panicle of different varieties of millet in the regional conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Research methodology. The research was conducted during 2023–2024 in the crop rotation field of the Department of Crop Production at Uman National University. The three-factor field experiment on the effect of harvesting specifics of seed crops of proso millet included the following factor gradations: A (variety) – Slobozhanske and Lana; B (seed maturity degree) – wax ripeness in the upper (control) and middle parts of the panicle; C (harvesting method) – single-phase; single-phase with desiccation; and two-phase (control). Field and laboratory studies, measurements, analyses, and observations were conducted according to generally accepted agronomic methodologies. Research results. According to variance analysis, the most influential factor ensuring the highest seed yield for both studied varieties was the choice of optimal harvesting method – with an impact share at the level of 35–38%. Slightly less influence was observed for the swath threshing time – at the level of 23–31%. The contribution of other factors and their interactions was less significant. Conclusions. The highest yield levels (3.36–3.95 and 3.28–3.83 t/ha) were achieved through the use of a single-phase harvesting method combined with desiccation of seed crops of proso millet varieties (Slobozhanske and Lana) at the wax ripeness phase of grain in the middle part of the panicle. The highest integrated quality index was also obtained through the application of a single-phase harvesting method with desiccation of both millet varieties at the wax ripeness stage of seeds in the middle part of the panicle. | ||
| Key words | millet, seeds, variety, harvesting method, maturity degree, yield, sowing qualities | ||