Uman National University | today: 06/27/2025
| Author(s) |
Ryabovol L.O., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Professor of Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Фесько М. В., , , |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 106 Part 1 |
| pages | 146-152 | index UDK | 631.527.581.143:633.11 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-106-1-146-152 (Link) |
| Abstract | Embryoculture is an effective way of preserving and expanding genetic diversity under intraspecific and interspecific hybridization of cereals, in particular, soft winter wheat. The effectiveness of the technology of embryoculture depends significantly on the selection of the original components of hybridization, their biological compatibility, the conditions of pollination, tying and formation of hybrid embryo, the period of its development and the level of differentiation to the separation and introduction into isolated culture, because the period of development of the embryo in the material. The purpose of the research was to improve the technology of obtaining genetic variety of samples of soft winter wheat for use biotechnological link in the breeding scheme. The research was conducted during 2023–2025 in the educational and scientific laboratory of biotechnology and experimental areas of the department of genetics, plant breeding and biotechnology of Uman National University. The research process that it is advisable to use embryoculture to overcome post-grade incompatibility for creating hybrid soft winter wheat has confirmed. The exit of macro structures from immature embryos depends on the genotype of the source material and the age of isolated embryos introduced in the in vitro culture is established. The highest yield of seedlings (35,5–70,4 %) and callus biomass (0,6–15,7 %) from twelve-day embryos for treatment with a solution of gibberellic acid was obtained. It is established, that explants, that have been identified from the samples of wheat-rye translocations of 1AL/1RS form a significantly higher percentage of macrostructures than with translocation of 1BL/1RS. The intensity of development of the macrostructures which is obtained in an isolated culture depended on the genotype of the source material and the composition of the modified nutrient medium. | ||
| Key words | soft winter wheat, genotype, culture in vitro, immature embryos, seedlings, kalus, wheat-rye translocations 1AL/1RS and 1BL/1RS | ||