Uman National University | today: 06/27/2025
| Author(s) |
Крикун С. П., , , Kravchenko V. S., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 106 Part 1 |
| pages | 217-226 | index UDK | 633.34:575.116 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-106-1-217-226 (Link) |
| Abstract | The aim of the study was to analyze the dynamics of the formation of individual productivity indicators in new cultivars of cultivated soybean belonging to different maturity groups across various climatic zones of Ukraine (Steppe, Forest-Steppe, and Polissia). During 2023–2024, under field conditions in the territories of Odesa (Steppe), Cherkasy (Forest-Steppe), and Zhytomyr (Polissia) regions, 26 new early- and medium-maturity soybean cultivars of both Ukrainian and foreign breeding were studied. These cultivars are recommended for cultivation in the Steppe, Forest-Steppe, and Polissia zones of Ukraine. The standard varieties used for comparison were Rapsodiya and Titan, as they are among the most widely approved in Ukraine. Field, laboratory, and statistical studies were conducted using standard methodologies with the application of the Statistica 12 software program. Based on the results of experimental studies on the dynamics of the formation of individual productivity elements and yield structure of soybean cultivars from different maturity groups, it was established that under the climatically diverse conditions of Ukraine (Steppe, Forest-Steppe, Polissia), these indicators are largely determined by the biological characteristics of the cultivar and its belonging to a specific maturity group. The highest values of seed weight per plant were recorded in early-maturing cultivars – Taverna (9.42 g), Eri (9.39 g), and Calgary (9.05 g), as well as in medium-maturing cultivars – Titan (8.4 g), Akardia (8.0 g), Alicia (8.3 g), ES Visitor (8.7 g), and ES Collector (8.4 g). The highest values of 1000-seed weight (ranging from 157 to 195 g) and bulk density (620–781 g/l) were observed in the cultivars Perepilochka, Adelfiya, Adessa, ES Decor, RZT Sakusa, Nunavik, Inguz, Turizas, Dara, Vitalina, and Zeus. The statistical analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between the number of seeds (pcs/plant) and the number of pods (pcs/plant) – r = 0.8303 ± 0,00, as well as a moderate positive correlation between seed weight per plant (g) and the number of seeds – r = 0.6335 ± 0,00. At the same time, an inverse correlation of varying strength (r = -0.6661 ± 0,00 to - 0.7073 ± 0,00) was established between 1000-seed weight, the number of seeds per plant, bulk density, and seed weight per plant, indicating the presence of an internal compensatory relationship among the structural elements of the yield. | ||
| Key words | soybean, cultivar, maturity group, plant height, number of pods, seed density, seed weight. | ||