Uman National University | today: 06/27/2025
| Author(s) |
Шевчук О. В., , , Hospodarenko G.M., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 106 Part 1 |
| pages | 189-197 | index UDK | 631.8:633.15] : 631.559 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-106-1-189-197 (Link) |
| Abstract | Aims. To assess the influence of digestate and mineral fertilizers and their combinations on the yield and quality of maize grain. Methods. The starting product of the digestate was chicken droppings. Field experiments were carried out on dark grey podzolized soil of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe. Part of the nitrogen (200 kg/ha) of aqueous ammonia (0 %, 50, 75, 100 %) was replaced with digestate nitrogen at a dose of 20 m3/ha, 15, 10 and 0 m3/ha, respectively. Fertilizers were applied before plowing. DKC 3972 maize hybrid was sown. Results and conclusions. The use of digestate in the maize fertilizer system affects the formation of grain yield and its quality. Maize yield depends on both weather conditions and fertilizer systems. Under different fertilizer systems, grain yield increases by 2.65–2.96 t/ha or by 45.7–51.0 % compared to the control yield without fertilizers of 5.80 t/ha. When applying 10 m3/ha of digestate in combination with aqueous ammonia, there is a tendency to increase the yield by 0.31 t/ha or by 12 % compared to applying only digestate at a dose of 20 m3/ha. In dry conditions in 2024, the Digestat 10 m3/ha+Nva experiment variant provided a significant increase in maize yield compared to the Digestat 20 m3/ha variant – by 0.41 t/ha or by 6 %. In our opinion, this can be explained by the deterioration of the conditions for mineralization of organic compounds of digestate in the soil which reduced the availability of nitrogen to maize plants under dry conditions of the growing season. Under different fertilizer systems, compared to absolute control, a decrease in the starch content in maize grain by 7–8 % and an increase in the protein content in the grain by 1.8–2.2 abs % were observed depending on the experiment variant. The fat content in grain against the background of fertilizer decreased from 4.9 to 4.6–4.7 % depending on the experiment variant, or by 4–6 %. At the same time, the fiber content increased by 16–19 %, and the ash content – by 4–6 %. The use of digestate in maize fertilizer system contributes to the formation of grain quality at the level of production control (Nva200 experiment variant). At the same time, there is a tendency to increase the protein content in the grain. This is explained by better plant nutrition with nitrogen and other macro- and microelements, especially nitrogen during the grain formation period. | ||
| Key words | chicken droppings, biogas, nitrogen, grain productivity, grain quality. | ||