Uman National University | today: 05/31/2026
| Author(s) |
Данюк Ю. С., , , Ковальчук Є. С., , , Линчак Н. Б., , , Барбан О. Б., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2026 | issue | Issue 108 part 1 |
| pages | 228-241 | index UDK | 633.39:631.524.85:581.5 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2026-108-1-228-241 (Link) |
| Abstract | Аim. Was to conduct a comparative assessment of grass pea varieties of Ukrainian selection (Ivolga, Svitankova, Ligum) based on salinity and acid resistance indicators, identifying key biomarkers of their adaptability to extreme edaphic conditions. Methods. Experimental studies were conducted during 2026 through laboratory modeling of edaphic stresses at the early stages of ontogenesis. Screening was performed in three directions: chloride salinity (NaCl) with osmotic pressure of 0.5–1.5 MPa; medium acidification (pH 4.0–5.0), and aluminum ion toxicity (Al3+) at a concentration of 20–40 mg/L. The adaptation potential was assessed by germination energy, laboratory germination, biometric parameters, and the root stress index (RSI). Results. A differentiated reaction of genotypes depending on the type of edaphic stressor was established. The Svitankova variety was identified as a benchmark for acid resistance, confirmed by maintaining the RSI at 64.5% under critical pH 4.0. The highest level of tolerance to aluminum toxicity was demonstrated by the Ligum variety (RSI = 61.5%), due to the effective mechanisms of root meristem protection against metal ions. The Ivolga variety proved to be the most salt-tolerant, providing a germination rate of 58% at maximum salt pressure (1.5 MPa). The adaptation of genotypes was accompanied by a systemic biochemical response: the accumulation of free proline (4.4–4.6 times higher than the control) and an increase in catalase activity by 2.1–2.6 times, which were identified as key biomarkers of resistance. Conclusions. For the first time, a comprehensive comparative screening of modern Ukrainian grass pea varieties was conducted under the combined influence of low pH and aluminum toxicity, which allowed for the establishment of specific resistance thresholds for each genotype. The screening results provide a basis for the targeted introduction of varieties: Svitankova and Ligum are recommended for the acidic soils of Polissya and western regions, while the Ivolga variety is recommended for the arid saline conditions of the Steppe | ||
| Key words | aluminum toxicity, salinity, proline, viability, root stress index | ||