Uman National University | today: 12/25/2025
| Author(s) |
Ryabovol L.O., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Professor of Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Федоренко С. В., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 107 part 1 |
| pages | 230-237 | index UDK | 631.527.581.143:633.11 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-107-1-230-237 (Link) |
| Abstract | The aim of the research was to analyze the effect of the hybridization method on seed formation in soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under intraspecific hybridization. For hybridization of soft winter wheat, collection materials of geographically distant accessions were used. The maternal forms included varieties with wheat–rye translocations: Zolotokolosa (1AL/1RS), Shchedrist Odeska (1AL/1RS), Favoritka (1BL/1RS), and Freya (1BL/1RS). The paternal forms were high-yielding varieties of foreign breeding origin – Patras, Dagmar, and Fronteras. Three pollination methods of the maternal form were applied during hybridization: under a parchment isolator with re-pollination of paired parental forms sown side by side; under a parchment isolator with artificial inclusion of paternal spikes; under an organoplastic isolator with artificial pollination using pollen collected from the paternal form. The study established that hybridization using parchment isolators with re-pollination of paired parental forms resulted in a small number of seeds (on average 11.3 % across genotypes). When hybridization was performed under a parchment isolator with the artificial inclusion of paternal spikes, the results were significantly higher (39.0 %). However, regardless of the selected parental components, the highest percentage of seed setting in soft winter wheat under hybridization using an organoplastic isolator was obtained. In intraspecific hybridization, the seed set percentage reached 58.2 %. It was found that materials with the wheat-rye translocation 1AL/1RS, regardless of the hybridization method and flowering period, formed a significantly greater number of seeds compared to accessions with the 1BL/1RS translocation. The highest seed set percentage was observed in the cross combination Shchedrist Odeska (1AL/1RS) × Dagmar (58.2 %), while the lowest was recorded for Favoritka (1BL/1RS) × Dagmar (42.3 %). | ||
| Key words | soft winter wheat, hybridization method, 1AL/1RS and 1BL/1RS translocations, seed setting | ||