Uman National University | today: 06/27/2025
| Author(s) |
Mostovjak S.M., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture Воєвода Л. І., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 106 Part 1 |
| pages | 153-161 | index UDK | 632.95: 633/635 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-106-1-153-161 (Link) |
| Abstract | High-quality seed material is one of the key factors determining future yields. During storage, grain and seeds are exposed to the harmful effects of insect pests, which can damage and lead to losses of up to 90 % of stock reserves. Chemical fumigants based on phosphine are widely used worldwide for grain and grain product storage. The use of high-quality seeds allows you to obtain stable yields, reduce the cost of caring for crops, and increase the profitability of agricultural production. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of fumigant application (Gastoxin, TB, Magtoxin, and Degesch Plates/Strips) on the seeding qualities of various agricultural crop seeds during storage. The research was conducted at the Department of Plant Protection and Quarantine of the Uman National University of Horticulture in 2024. In laboratory conditions, the effect of fumigants Gaztoxin (GASTOXIN), TB, Magtoxin, Degesh Plates/Strips, plates, and tapes on the sowing quality of seeds of various agricultural crops was studied. The consumption rate of the drugs according to the manufacturer's recommendations: Gastoxin – 2 tablets per 1 m3; Magtoxin – 2 tablets per 1 m3; Degesh Plates/Strips – 2 plates per 30 m3. Laboratory experiments demonstrated the high efficiency of the tested fumigants, achieving 100 % mortality of the rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae L.) within four days of exposure. The effectiveness of the drugs, declared by the manufacturer, has been confirmed in the research process. At the same time, no negative effect was observed on the germination energy and laboratory germination of sunflower, corn, spring and winter wheat, oats, barley, soybean, rapeseed, and mustard seeds. In some cases, a stimulating effect on seed germination was noted. The use of the fumigant Magtoxin, compared to the preparations Gaztoxin and Degesch Plates/Strips, showed lower phytotoxic effects on the seeds of the studied agricultural crops. | ||
| Key words | fumigants, agricultural crops, seeds, laboratory germination, germination energy | ||