Uman National University | today: 06/27/2025
| Author(s) |
Трушев І. М., , , Yakovenko R.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 106 Part 1 |
| pages | 179-188 | index UDK | 634.11:631.8 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-106-1-179-188 (Link) |
| Abstract | The literature sources of domestic and foreign scientists regarding the impact of fertilization, as one of the key agronomic practices, on the productivity of intensive apple orchards have been analyzed. The article examines the impact of optimized fertilization on apple tree productivity, specifically growth, yield, fruit quality, and the physiological-biochemical processes in plants. The effectiveness of organic, mineral, and combined fertilization, as well as foliar feeding, in ensuring the optimal balance of macro- and microelements, has been analyzed. An important task is to determine the optimal doses of macro- and microelements, taking into account the age phases of tree development, the characteristics of rootstock-scion combinations, and soil nutrient content. Rational optimized fertilization not only contributes to increased yield and fruit quality but also strengthens the trees' resistance, their ability to withstand abiotic and biotic factors, as well as helps maintain soil fertility in the long term. It has been established that providing trees with nitrogen enhances vegetative growth, delays the end of the growing season, and also influences the yield structure, size, and chemical composition of the fruits. Based on the conducted analysis, it was found that there is currently a lack of research on the fertilizer rates for basic fertilization and the timing of foliar feeding with macro- and microelements in plantings of different rootstock-scion combination. Therefore, the issue of rational optimized fertilization and feeding of intensive apple orchards with different rootstock-scion combination, depending on the orchard design, is highly relevant and requires thorough study. Soil fertilization and foliar feeding play a key role in increasing the overall productivity of apple orchards. Rationally optimized nutrition promotes the active development of the root system, improves nutrient uptake, and contributes to the formation of high-quality fruits. Modern research focuses on determining the optimal rates, timing, and methods of fertilization in different soil and climatic conditions, which allows for the adaptation of nutrition systems according to the needs of the plantations. An important aspect remains the evaluation of the effectiveness of combining soil fertilization and foliar feeding, particularly their impact on growth, yield, and fruit quality in apple trees. | ||
| Key words | apple tree, optimized fertilization, foliar feeding, tree growth, productivity, fruit quality, rootstock-scion combination | ||