Uman NUH | today: 12/21/2024
| Author(s) |
Яровий М. С., , , Zamorskyi V.V., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2024 | issue | Issue 105 part 1 |
| pages | 237-245 | index UDK | 634.11:634.1-15:634.1.055:634.1.076 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2024-105-1-237-245 (Link) |
| Abstract | The research were conducted on the territory of the Uman NUS in the spring of 2022. The research was conducted in 2023. The objects of research were table varieties: Tairovsky Kardyshakh, Comet, Tairian, Original, Perseus, Kishmish Tairovsky, Zagadka; technical varieties: Rubin Tairovsky, Muscat Odesskyi, Aromatnyi, Zagrei of the selection of the NSC “Tairov Institute of Plant Breeding”, as well as rootstocks: Dobrynya, Kobera 5BB (clone 211161), Riparia x Rupestris 101-14 (clone 4923). Table and technical varieties are grafted onto Dobrynya rootstock. The shape of the bush is a low-stemmed fan-shaped one-sleeve bush. The layout of table and technical varieties is 3 × 1.5 m, rootstock 3 × 2 m. The soil retention system is black steam. The results of the study of table varieties) clearly showed that the total leaf area on the vines with the highest index is in the variety Comet – 30938.97 cm2. The lower values were recorded for Perseus – 23599.48 cm2, Tairian – 23487.60 cm2, and Zagadka – 22974.93 cm2. The lowest indicators are in the varieties Kishmish Tairovsky – 13995.28 cm2 and Kardyshakh Tairovsky – 11749.00 cm2. The productive potential of a grape plant is determined by the total leaf area. In our studies, the total leaf area per bush was the largest in the Zagrei variety – 31658.66 cm2. Somewhat lower values, but comparatively close to each other, were recorded in the varieties Aromatny – 26902.98 cm2 and Muscat Odessan – 26726.95–cm2. The lowest value of the total leaf surface area was calculated in the Rubin Tairovsky variety – 22718.51 cm2. The analysis of the results of calculating the area of leaf surface of bushes per unit area showed that among the table varieties, the following varieties had the largest: Tairian – 9599.04 m2 and Comet – 9576.82 m2. The smaller indicator was found in the varieties Perseus – 8307.60 m2 and Zagadka 8154.74 m2, and even lower for the Original variety – 6100.16 m2. The lowest index was calculated for the varieties Kishmish Tairovsky and Kardyshakh Tairovsky – 3409.81 and 2575.08 m2. We have identified varieties that had a high coefficient of leaf surface area in relation to the feeding area of the bush. The highest coefficients were observed in Tairian – 96 %, Comet – 95.75 % and Perseus – 93.33 %. The coefficient was slightly lower in the varieties Zagadka – 81.56 %, Original – 78.22 %. The lowest coefficients were calculated for the varieties Kishmish Tairian and Kardyshakh Tairian – 50.89 % and 46.00 %, respectively. Thus, Tairian, Kometa and Perseus stood out as having the highest photosynthetic potential among the new table varieties in the first years after planting. Among the technical varieties, the Zagrei variety should be highlighted. The rootstock of grape Kobera 5 BB (clone 211161) should be attributed to plants with high photosynthetic potential | ||
| Key words | new varieties of grape, square of leaf surface of grape, grape yield | ||