Uman National University | today: 06/27/2025
| Author(s) | Lubych V.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Lecturer of Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Grain, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine | ||
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| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 106 Part 1 |
| pages | 162-178 | index UDK | 631.559+664.64.016]:633.111:631.526.3 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-106-1-162-178 (Link) |
| Abstract | Objective. To determine the technological parameters of grain quality formation in different varieties of soft winter wheat. Methods. Field, measurement, calculation-comparative, analytical, statistical. Results. The protein content in the grain of the winter wheat variety Tronka without fertilizer was 12.8 %, which significantly increased to 13.8 % (by 1 %) with the application of N45P45K45. The application of N90P90K90 and N135P135K135 further increased this indicator to 13.9 % and 14.1 %, respectively. A similar trend was observed when growing this variety after peas. Protein content was higher compared to growing wheat after clover in the first cutting, ranging from 13.8 % to 14.3 %, depending on the experimental variant. In the variety Kolos Myronivshchyny, protein content in grain without fertilizer was significantly lower than in Tronka and amounted to 12.0 % when grown after clover in the first cutting. However, fertilization increased this indicator compared to Tronka. Application of N45P45K45 increased protein content to 13.9 %, or 1.9 % higher than the unfertilized variant. Further increasing fertilizer rates to 90 and 135 kg/ha active ingredients raised this indicator to 14.1–15.0 %. A similar trend was observed when growing this variety after peas. Protein content without fertilizer was lower than when grown after clover in the first cutting, at 13.2 %. Application of N45P45K45 increased protein content to 14.3 %. Further increasing fertilizer doses to 90 and 135 kg/ha raised protein content to 14.7–14.9 %. Conclusions. The results indicate that technological properties and grain yield of winter wheat vary depending on variety, precursor crop, and fertilization. It was established that in terms of yield, the variety Tronka exceeds Kolos Myronivshchyny by 1.5–2.1 times, depending on the experimental variant. The 1000-grain weight of Kolos Myronivshchyny was higher than that of Tronka. However, this indicator decreased with fertilization after clover and peas due to lodging. Grain of the Tronka variety was larger compared to Kolos Myronivshchyny. Protein content in grains of both varieties was almost the same depending on the precursor crop. Fertilizer application was more effective for Kolos Myronivshchyny, with protein content ranging from 12.5–14.3 % in Tronka and 12.0–15.0 % in Kolos Myronivshchyny, depending on fertilization. | ||
| Key words | soft winter wheat, variety, precursor crop, fertilization, technological properties | ||