Uman National University | today: 06/27/2025
| Author(s) |
Hospodarenko G.M., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Lubych V.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Lecturer of Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Grain, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Сіліфонов Т. В., , , Балян А. В., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 106 Part 1 |
| pages | 625-635 | index UDK | 621.311+338.625.7+ 631.81.036-047.44]:631.816:633.111 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-106-1-625-635 (Link) |
| Abstract | Objective. To determine the economic, agrochemical, and energy efficiency of fertilizer application for winter soft wheat varieties. Methods. Economic, agrochemical, energy, calculation-comparative, and analytical methods. Results. Fertilizer input required to produce one ton of additional grain yield, depending on the wheat variety and fertilization conditions, ranged from 58 to 636 kg of active ingredient (a.i.). The KWS Emil variety required significantly less fertilizer – for instance, in the N75 treatment, the input was halved, and in the production control (N150P60K80) it was reduced by 1.5 times. Compared to these treatments, better results were obtained with the half-rate of complete mineral fertilizer (N150P60K80) – 81 kg a.i./t grain for KWS Emil and 142 kg a.i./t grain for the Pryno line. In treatments with reduced phosphorus and potassium doses, the most efficient was N150P30K40: 85 kg a.i./t grain for KWS Emil versus 105 kg a.i./t in the production control. Economic efficiency calculations showed significant differences in key parameters between wheat varieties. The value of the additional grain yield for KWS Emil was higher than for the Pryno line, ranging from UAH 44,000 to 62,900 per hectare. The highest return was under N150P60K80, and reducing phosphorus and potassium inputs halved the cost by only UAH 400–1,400/ha. The treatment without potassium was nearly as effective as the production control – UAH 61,200/ha compared to 62,900/ha. Conclusions. The return on 1 kg of active ingredient of mineral fertilizers depended on both the type of fertilizer and its combination with others. The return ranged widely – from 6.7–10.5 kg of grain for the Pryno line to 14.6–17.2 kg of grain for the KWS Emil variety. Notably, the Pryno line showed better nitrogen use efficiency under phosphorus-potassium background than KWS Emil. For example, in the N150P60K80 treatment, nitrogen efficiency was 57% higher compared to N150, whereas for KWS Emil, the increase was only 6%. The highest conditional net profit was obtained from N75P30K40 – UAH 39,200/ha for KWS Emil. The net energy return was 21.4 GJ/ha, and the return per 1 kg of NPK was 12.3 kg of grain. For the Pryno line, the conditional net profit was lower – UAH 24,900/ha. The highest integrated evaluation index of fertilizer systems for winter wheat was ensured by N75P30K40 and N75 treatments—1.02 and 0.99, respectively. Slightly lower values were observed for N150, N150P60, and N150P60K40, which were only 0.2 units lower than N150P30K40, confirming the feasibility of these fertilizer systems. | ||
| Key words | winter soft wheat, variety, fertilization systems, economic efficiency, agrochemical efficiency, energy efficiency | ||