Uman NUH | today: 12/22/2024
| Author(s) |
Калантир В. О., , , Hospodarenko G.M., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Lubych V.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Lecturer of Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Grain, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Burlyay A.L., Candidate of Economics, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2022 | issue | Issue number 101. Part 1 |
| pages | 94-105 | index UDK | 664.64.016+631.559:633.112:631.816.1 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2022-101-1-94-105 (Link) |
| Abstract | Durum wheat grain is the main raw material for the production of high-quality macaroni products. The optimal dose of fertilizer should take into account the biological characteristics of the durum wheat variety and the planned level of its productivity, weather conditions and soil fertility, the level of agricultural technology, crop rotation, its saturation with fertilizers, and other factors. The aim of the paper was to study the formation of yield capacity and quality of winter durum wheat using different fertilizer systems. Methods. The research was conducted in the conditions of stationary field experiment of Uman National University of Horticulture, located in the Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The experiment was founded in 2011. The following crops are grown in the four-field crop rotation: winter wheat, corn, spring barley, soy. The scheme of the experiment includes 11 variants of combinations and separate application of mineral fertilizers and, including the control variant without fertilizer. Harvesting was performed by direct combining; protein content and gluten content were determined by the method of infrared spectroscopy using Infratek 1241. Statistical data processing was performed using STATISTICA 10. Results. Yield capacity of winter durum wheat was significantly increased by fertilizers. However, the effectiveness of their application varied depending on the year of the study. Thus, in 2020 it increased by 1.1–1.2 times (3.9–4.1 t/hа) with long-term use of nitrogen fertilizers only. Long-term use of complete fertilizer (N150P60K80) significantly affected grain yield capacity (4.3 /hа) compared to variant N150. In 2021, grain yield capacity increased by 1.2–1.4 times, depending on the fertilizer system. It should be noted that the use of N150P60K40 and N150P30K80 in terms of impact on grain yield capacity was at the level of variant N150P60K80. Pair combinations of fertilizer application were at the level of long-term use of N150P30K40 in terms of efficiency. Application of N75P30K40 ensured the formation of only 4% lower grain yield capacity compared to N150P30K40. The protein content and gluten content were mostly influenced by the nitrogen component of the complete fertilizer. Conclusions. Studies confirm the high response of durum wheat to the use of nitrogen fertilizers. The obtained results can be used to predict the productivity of winter durum wheat depending on soil fertility. | ||
| Key words | fertilizer, productivity of winter durum wheat, protein content, protein collection, gluten content | ||