Uman National University | today: 12/25/2025
| Author(s) |
Чикін І. В., , , Hospodarenko G.M., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 107 part 1 |
| pages | 27-36 | index UDK | 631.445.4:631.413.3:631.45]:631.8 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-107-1-27-36 (Link) |
| Abstract | Aims To study the soil's ability to counteract changes in the environment and salinity under the influence of various anthropogenic factors is important from the point of view of preventing the processes of their physical and chemical degradation. Methodology. The study was conducted in a long-term stationary experiment of Uman National University using different types and doses of mineral fertilizers and their combinations for field crop rotation crops (winter wheat, corn, spring barley, soybeans) in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe. The experiment was simultaneously deployed on four fields, which makes it possible to obtain annual data for all crops of the field crop rotation (winter wheat, maize, spring barley, soybean). The experiment was replicated three times, with sequential arrangement of the variants. The total area of the experimental plot was 110 m². Mineral fertilizers for the rotation crops were applied in the form of ammonium nitrate, granulated superphosphate, and potassium chloride. Their non-market products (straw, stalk residues) were left in the field. Results and conclusions. Before starting the experiment, the soil was very weakly acidic (pHКCl 5.7), and after long-term use of fertilizers in all experiment variants, it became weakly acidic with different indicators of pHКCl – from 5.5 in the control to 5.1 in the N150P60 experiment variant. At the same time, the hydrolytic acidity increased in the N150P60, N150P60K80 and N150P30K80 experiment variants – by 0.24–0.28 mol/kg (based on the initial indicator of 1.78 smol/kg). In the N150P60 and N150P30K40 experiment variants, the pH buffer index decreased by 0.2 units, i.e. with unilateral application of a high dose of nitrogen fertilizers. In all experiment variants, it had a high buffer capacity and was non-solonized (the content of absorbed sodium and potassium cations is less than 5%) and non-saline according to the specific electrical conductivity. Depending on the fertilizer application system, the soil contains, mg/kg: calcium 4059–4186, magnesium – 377–395, potassium – 269–361 and sodium – 17–19. At the same time, their sum indicator changes by only 4%. In order to maintain optimal acid-base properties of podzolized heavy loamy chernozem, it is necessary to apply a balanced mineral fertilizer system in field crop rotation and in the future to provide for maintenance liming. | ||
| Key words | field crop rotation, mineral fertilizers, acidity, buffer capacity, cation content | ||