Uman National University | today: 06/27/2025
| Author(s) |
Ryabovol L.O., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Professor of Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Федоренко С. В., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 106 Part 1 |
| pages | 245-252 | index UDK | 631.527.581.143:633.11 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-106-1-245-252 (Link) |
| Abstract | There are a couple of conditions for the creation of a plant of genetic resources of plants and collections of starting material under which samples can be stored for a long period of time. Scientists have found that the length of storage of seeds depends not only on the controlled physical parameters for a particular species, but also on the genotype of the plant and methods of obtaining samples. An important issue remains the process of germination of the maximum amount of seeds for its exit from the state of anabiosis. In the process of breeding studies, it is usually necessary to preserve the breeding and genetic material of low viability. Therefore, it is necessary to determine what period of time and under what conditions such material will be stored and how to initiate it before germination, increasing the proportion of similar seeds. The purpose of the research was to analyze the features of the process of germination of seeds of different wheat genotypes and the triticale of winter for the impact of the shelf life of breeding material and different conditions of germination. The research during 2021–2024 in the educational and scientific laboratory of biotechnology of the Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology of Uman National University was conducted. The research process analyzes the germination energy and similarity of winter grain seeds of different years of reproduction (2016, 2020 and 2024). The germination of seed material by the influence of arginin solution (1,0 mg/l) and glutamic acid (1,0 mg/l) to grain is analyzed. It has been confirmed that prolonged displacement of the seed material leads to the loss of its viability. The decrease in seed germination depends on the species and varietal specification is established. For the storage of seeds for eight years, the germination of seed of winter wheat by 51,4 %, of spelta wheat – by 61.8 % and of triticale – by 56.9 % was reduced. Laboratory similarity of varieties with wheat-lifting translocations significantly by 7,8–10,9 % of forms without translocations. Arginin solution for fresh seeds reduced the viability of almost all materials, with the exception of wheat seeds of mint of winter samples 352-1 and 446-16 with wheat-lifting translocations and spherical seeds. The seeds of a long period of storage had no substantial effect. The effects of glutamic acid on the seeds of wheat and spelta observed an increase in the proportion (up to 3 %) of its energy of germination and germination, regardless of the year of reproduction. However, the viability of seeds of triticale solution of glutamic acid was not significantly affected. | ||
| Key words | soft winter wheat, spelt wheat, winter triticale, seeds, germination energy, germination, shelf life, glutamic acid, arginine | ||