Uman NUH | today: 12/21/2024
| Author(s) |
Lubych V.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Lecturer of Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Grain, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Моргун А. В., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2024 | issue | Issue 105 part 1 |
| pages | 153-162 | index UDK | 631.559:633.71:633/645.042 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2024-105-1-153-162 (Link) |
| Abstract | Goal. To determine the technological parameters of the formation of tobacco raw materials in the Right Bank Forest Steppe. Methods. Field, laboratory, measurement, calculation and comparison, analysis, statistical. The results. On average over 2021–2023, the yield of different varieties of tobacco was established for the application of mineral fertilizers in doses of NPK 15 : 45 : 45 and NPK 20:60:60, at different planting densities and terms of planting seedlings in the soil. During the first period of planting plants the best indicators were the varieties Virginia 27 – 3.1 t/ha, Brave 200 – 3.0 t/ha. With the application of fertilizers in the dose of NPK 15 : 45 : 45, a difference in productivity was observed between varieties and schemes of planting seedlings. The best varieties were Virginia 27 – 3.4 t/ha, Virginia 202 – 3.3 t/ha, Burley 46 – 3.3 t/ha. With the introduction of fertilizers in the dose of NPK 20 : 60 : 60, the yield was from 3.8 to 2.9 t/ha, depending on the variety, the average for the variety was 3.3 t/ha. The best productivity was shown by the varieties Virginia 27–3.8 t/ha and Brave 200 – 3.6 t/ha. During the second term of planting seedlings, on average for 2021–2023, the yield of raw materials was lower by 0.6–1.2 t/ha, the best results were obtained by the varieties Virginia 27 – 3.0 t/ha and Brave 200 – 2, 5 t/ha. The average yield was 2.7 t/ha when fertilizers were applied in the dose of NPK 15 : 45 : 45, the best yield was shown by Virginia 27 and Brave 200 varieties – 3.1 t/ha, Burley 46 – 2.7 ha. The average yield of dry leaves was 3.0 t/ha when fertilizers were applied in a dose of NPK 20 : 60 : 60. Varieties Virginia 27 and Brave 200 had a yield of 3.5–3.3 t/ha. Conclusions. It has been proven that the varieties Virginia 27, Virginia 202, Ternopil 14, Berley 46 and Brave 200 are the best in terms of productivity in the Right Bank Forest Steppe zone. The yield of raw materials, on average over three years, was 3.1–3.8 t/ha, provided there was insufficient moisture in the summer period during crop formation. According to the results of research in 2021–2023. in the conditions of climate change in the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine, we recommend a tobacco growing technology adapted to these conditions: the optimal density is 47 thousand plants per 1 ha (70 cm x 30 cm); the optimal planting time is the second decade of May at a soil temperature of 10–12 ºС; effective mineral background of plant nutrition in the ratio of 1 : 3 : 3 NPK – 15 : 45 : 45 kg of active substance. | ||
| Key words | variety, smoking tobacco, feeding area, terms of planting seedlings, background of mineral nutrition, plant height, number of leaves, yield of raw materials | ||