Uman NUH | today: 12/21/2024
| Author(s) |
Hospodarenko G.M., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Lubych V.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Lecturer of Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Grain, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Nevlad V.I., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Head of the Department of Agrochemistry and Soil Science, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Гавриленко В. С., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2024 | issue | Issue 105 part 1 |
| pages | 294-312 | index UDK | 581.132:633.16:631.816 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2024-105-1-294-312 (Link) |
| Abstract | Purpose. To determine the photosynthetic parameters of bare-grain barley plants depending on the fertilization system. Methods. Field, measurement, calculation-comparative, analysis, statistical. Results. It should be noted that the application of fertilizers significantly increased the leaf surface area of bare-grain spring barley. Thus, in the VVSN 50 phase in 2021, this indicator increased from 28.2 to 86.5 thousand m2/ha or 3.1 times, in 2022 - from 20.9 to 68.7, or 3.3 times, and in 2023 - from 11.6 to 26.7 thousand m2/ha, or 2.3 times with the application of complete mineral fertilizer (N70P60K70). The application of the phosphorus-potassium fertilizer system had the least effect on the leaf area – 16.9–38.4 thousand m2/ha. The highest total FPP was obtained when growing spring barley in 2021 – 638–2076 thousand m2/ha·day, it was somewhat lower in 2022 – 548–1935 thousand m2/ha·day. In 2023, the FPP was the lowest – 478–4060 thousand m2/ha·day. The parameters of the apical leaf of spring barley changed depending on the weather conditions of the year of study and the fertilizer system. Under more favorable conditions, in 2021, the apical leaf area was the largest, and in 2022–2023 – the smallest. In 2021 this indicator increased by 3.7 times, in 2022 - by 1.9, and in 2023 - by 1.8 times compared to unfertilized areas. At the same time, the highest efficiency was achieved by fertilizer systems containing a nitrogen component. Calculations show that the mass of spring bare-grain barley grain yield per unit of leaf surface area decreased due to the use of fertilizers. Thus, on average over three years of research, this indicator decreased from 4.2 to 2.2 g/m2 of leaf area. At the same time, the higher the dose of nitrogen fertilizers, the smaller the amount of grain per unit of leaf surface, which is due to a significant increase in the assimilation apparatus of plants. In 2021–2022, the mass of grain per unit of leaf area decreased more strongly compared to 2023. Conclusions. The use of the nitrogen component separately and in combination with phosphorus or potassium fertilizers significantly increases the leaf surface area. At the same time, its level varies depending on the weather conditions of the growing season. Thus, in conditions of higher precipitation, the leaf area increases from 26.5 to 45.1–80.6 thousand m2/ha depending on the fertilizer. In 2023, this indicator increases, respectively, from 11.6 to 20.3–26.6 thousand m2/ha. | ||
| Key words | Keywords: leaf length and width, number of leaves, photosynthetic potential, net productivity of photosynthesis | ||