Uman NUH | today: 12/22/2024
| Author(s) | Lubych V.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Lecturer of Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Grain, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine | ||
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2023 | issue | Issue number 103. Part 1 |
| pages | 53-69 | index UDK | [631.559+664.64.016:633.19:632.95]:631.816.1:631.84 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2023-103-1-53-69 (Link) |
| Abstract | Goal. To determine the development of brown rust and the productivity of winter triticale when applying a biofungicide against the background of the application of different doses of nitrogen fertilizers. Methods. Field, measurement, calculation and comparison, analysis, statistical. The results. The use of biofungicide Aminostim, r. on winter triticale crops almost does not change the density of the stem of the crop, but increases the mass and number of grains of one ear and the mass of 1000 grains. Thus, when using the biofungicide Aminostim, r., these indicators increase by 0.01–0.04 g, 0.3–0.4 pcs, respectively. and 0.2–0.3 g in absolute terms. The yield of winter triticale varied depending on the weather, fertilizer doses and the use of biofungicide. On average, over three years of research on the background without protection, the yield increased from 58.8 t/ha in the variant without fertilizers to 78.6 t/ha in the variant with the highest rate of fertilizers. In 2009, this indicator in the control variant without the use of biofungicide was 73.2 t/ha and increased to 93.7 t/ha in the variant with the highest rate of fertilizers (N150P100K100), which is significantly compared to LSD05=4.4. In 2010, the yield of winter triticale was 48.2 t/ha and grew to 73.6 t/ha, which was also significant. Whereas, when the biofungicide was applied, the yield increased significantly from 54.3 t/ha to 72.4 t/ha in the N150P100K100 variant. Conclusions. Damage to winter triticale plants by brown rust depends on the characteristics of the weather conditions of the growing season, the phase of growth and development of the crop, doses of mineral fertilizers and the use of biofungicide. In the phase of tillering, emergence into the tube and earing, resistance is the highest and is 9 points, regardless of the rate of fertilizers. The use of the biofungicide Aminostim helps to increase resistance to 7–8 points. The yield of winter triticale on average over two years of studies without protection is 51.6–69.1 t/ha, with protection – 54.4–72.4 depending on the variant of the experiment, the largest increase in yield from the use of biofungicide is formed when applying 50 kg/ha ha of nitrogen fertilizers and is 4.5 t/ha. On average, over two years of research, the protein content of grain on the background without protection increases from 12.5 % in the variant without fertilizers to 14.9 %, depending on the variant of the experiment. | ||
| Key words | winter triticale, brown rust, damage intensity, resistance, productivity, indicators of plant growth and development, biofungicide, nitrogen fertilizers. | ||