Uman NUH | today: 10/15/2024
| Author(s) |
Lubych V.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Lecturer of Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Grain, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Polianetska I.О., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2023 | issue | Issue number 102. Part 1 |
| pages | 44-53 | index UDK | 581.132:[633.112:631.526.3] | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2023-102-1-44-53 (Link) |
| Abstract | Introduction. Durum wheat is the main raw material for the production of pasta flour of the highest quality. The productivity formation of this crop is also important, the level of which depends on the formation of the leaf surface area. The aim of the article is to determine the formation of the leaf surface area of different durum winter wheat varieties. Methods. Field, laboratory, measuring, calculation-comparative, analysis, statistical. Results. It was established that the photosynthetic activity parameters of durum winter wheat crops change significantly depending on the variety and weather conditions. It should be noted that the maximum leaf surface area of durum wheat plants in 2013 was formed in the period of earing - milk stage. In 2014, this indicator was the highest during the earing stage, which decreased until milk ripeness stage. The photosynthetic potential of the crop (PPC) both during the growing season and the total indicator depended significantly on durum winter wheat variety and the conditions of the research year. In 2013, the PPC was the lowest for the cultivation of all varieties. At the same time, its value was high from the tillering stage. The highest total PPC was formed by Afina, Linkor and Makar durum winter wheat varieties - 1238–1467 thousand m2/ha·day. In 2014, the highest PPC was obtained in the shooting stage – 1340–1440 thousand m2/ha·day, except for Afina variety, in which this indicator was at the level of 818 thousand m2/ha·day. In the earing stage, the PPC was 1.2–1.3 times lower compared to the shooting stage. In the milk stage, this indicator was lower compared to plant tillering. The highest total PPC in 2014 was obtained for the cultivation of Contynent, Laguna, Creiser, Bosphor, Gardemaryn and Argonavt varieties. At the same time, the highest total PPC in different weather conditions was obtained for the cultivation of two varieties only - Linkor and Makar. Conclusions. It was established that the parameters of the photosynthetic activity of durum winter wheat crops change significantly depending on the variety and weather conditions. It was determined that the highest indicators of photosynthetic activity of durum winter wheat crops were obtained when Contynent, Laguna, Creiser, Bosphor, Gardemaryn and Argonavt varieties were grown under more favourable weather conditions. At the same time, the highest total PPC in different weather conditions was obtained for the cultivation of two varieties only - Linkor and Makar. | ||
| Key words | hard winter wheat, variety, weather conditions, leaf surface area, leaf index. | ||