Uman NUH | today: 12/22/2024
| Author(s) |
Hospodarenko G.M., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Lubych V.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Lecturer of Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Grain, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Олійник О. О., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2022 | issue | Issue number 101. Part 1 |
| pages | 144-154 | index UDK | 631.41+664.64:633.111:631.816 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2022-101-1-144-154 (Link) |
| Abstract | Introduction. In agriculture, along with improving yielding capacity and product quality, the studies aimed at preserving and protecting the environment against technogenic pollution should be considered relevant. It is necessary to introduce environmental resource-saving technologies that would ensure the maintenance of clean soil, water and air Aim. To determine the content of radioactive elements in the soil and grain of soft winter wheat under a long-term use of fertilizers in the field crop rotation. Methods. Field, laboratory, chemical, statistical, analysis. Results. Absorption of radionuclides by podzolized heavy loam black soil prevents their movement along its profile and further penetration into groundwaters. Thus, their specific activity at the depth of 40–60 cm is two times lower than in the soil layer at the depth of 0–20cm. This indicates the fixation of radioisotopes in the upper layers of the soil, which in its turn increases the probability of their getting into plant products. 137Сs is most absorbed by winter wheat plants from the soil, while 90Sr is absorbed much less. Although the absorption of 40K from the soil is significant, it is safe for human health. Contamination of plant products with radionuclides depends on the agrochemical load on the soil. Therefore, the concentration of radionuclides in plants on different soils in different soil and climatic zones at the same level of pollution can be different. Conclusions. A long-term application of potash fertilizers increases the soil radioactivity due to the content of 40K and 226Ra, however, this radiation is safe for human health. In addition, potassium performs an important ecological function. It acts as an antagonist in relation to radioactive 137Cs and 90Sr. Analysis of the specific activity of radionuclides in winter wheat grain shows that a long-term (50 years) use of fertilizers in the field crop rotation in the indicated rates is safe. | ||
| Key words | soft winter wheat, radioactive elements, radioactive activity, predecessor, fertilizers | ||