Uman NUH | today: 10/19/2024
| Author(s) |
Martynyuk A.T., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Hospodarenko G.M., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Lubych V.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Lecturer of Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Grain, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2022 | issue | Issue number 101. Part 1 |
| pages | 46-55 | index UDK | 631.559-021.465:633.63:631.816 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2022-101-1-46-55 (Link) |
| Abstract | The results of a three-year study of the influence of different doses of mineral and organic fertilizers on yield formation and its quality on podzolic black heavy loam soil after long-term (56 years) use of mineral, organic, and organomineral fertilizer systems in field crop rotation are presented. Fertilizer doses under mineral, organic and organomineral fertilization systems are adjusted for nitrogen, which is 45 kg/ha for a single dose, 90 kg/ha for a double dose and 135 kg/ha for a triple dose. Half-dead farmyard manure KRS on straw bedding as well as mineral fertilizers, namely aqueous ammonia, granular superphosphate and potassium chloride were used during the experiment. Research has established that, regardless of the fertilization system in the field crop rotation, the beet rootyield increases by 28–59 % on podzolic black soil in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe with increasing doses of mineral and organic fertilizers. On average, over three years of research, high beetroot yield (45.7 t/ha) was obtained when applying mineral fertilizers at a dose of N180P180K180 and 43.7 t/ha was obtained when applying 60 t/ha of farmyard manure under mineral and organic fertilizer treatment respectively. The largest yield of beetroot (46.9 t/ha) was observed under organomineral fertilization system in the rotation, when combining 45 t/ha of farmyard manure with mineral fertilizers at a dose of N90P202K45. Among the studied fertilization systems, a significant decrease (by 0.9 %) in the sugar content of root crops was due to the direct application of mineral fertilizers under sugar beet at a dose of N180P180K180under mineral fertilizer system in crop rotation as well the combined application of farmyard manure (45 t/ha) with mineral fertilizers at a dose of N90Р202К45under organomineral fertilizer system. Under the organic system of fertilization in crop rotation and the direct application of 30, 45 and 60 t/ha of farmyard manure under sugar beet, a tendency to increase the sugar content of root crops was noted compared to mineral and organomineral systems by 0.1–0.2 %. According to the generalized indicator of productivity the highest calculated sugar yieldof 8.40 t/ha is ensured by the application of 45 t/ha of farmyard manure + N90P202K45 (saturation of the crop rotation with manure 13.5 t/ha + N67P101K54) and mineral fertilizers at a dose of N180P180K180 (saturation of the croprotation N135P135K135) – 8.16 t/ha. Under the organic system of fertilization in crop rotation, this indicator was higher (7.96 t/ha) when apply ing 60 t/ha of farmyard manure under sugar beet (saturation of crop rotation 18 t/ha). As for the weather conditions, the were favorable for the formation of the sugar beet crop in 2018 and 2019, when the sugar yield was the highest and accounted to 5.93–8.59 and 6.47–9.72 t/ha respectively, while in 2020 it was 4.19–6.88 t/ha. | ||
| Key words | podzolic black soil, long-term fertilization, farmyard manure, mineral fertilizers, yield capacity, sugar yield | ||