Uman NUH | today: 12/22/2024
| Author(s) |
Hospodarenko G.M., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Nevlad V.I., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Head of the Department of Agrochemistry and Soil Science, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Rassadina I.Y., postgraduate, , Uman National University of Horticulture |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2022 | issue | Issue 100. Part 1 |
| pages | 92-99 | index UDK | 631.165:635.656:631.445.4:631.8:631.821 | DOI | 10.31395/2415-8240-2022-100-1-92-99 (Link) |
| Abstract | The combination of a high level of fertility and the optimal use of mineral fertilizers is the basis for obtaining high yields of leguminous crops. Regarding the acidity, peas belong to the group of crops that confer the advantage to a slightly acidic and close to neutral soil reaction. Therefore, obtaining objective data towards the changes of agrarian and chemical properties of individual soil subtypes at different doses of lime and fertilizer systems and their effect on pea yields under the conditions of long-term stationary field experiments is relevant. The purpose of the research was to establish the effect of liming in combination with the introduction of various types and doses of mineral fertilizers on the main agrarian and chemical properties of the ashed chernozem and the yield of peas in a field crop rotation. The research was held during the stationary experiment (certificate UAAS №. 86), laid on the experimental field of the Uman National University of Horticulture, with geographical coordinates 48°46' 56.47'' north width and 30°14' 48.51'' east length. The experiment was based on a 4-field crop rotation (winter wheat, sugarbeet, maize, peas) on three fields. Defecation in doses appropriately 4.5 t/ha, 9.0 and 13.5 t/ha was put under the first three crops of the crop rotation – winter wheat, sugar beet and maize. The total dose of lime that was calculated according to the level of exchangeable acidity was 9.0 t/ha of defecation with a content of 60% of CaCO3. On the basis of liming, mineral fertilizers for peas were applied in the form of granulated superphosphate and potassium chloride (forthemaintillage) and ammonium nitrate for presowing cultivation in the doses of N60P60, N60P60K60 and N80P80K80. The variant without fertilization (control) and with saturation of 1 hectare of crop rotation with mineral fertilizers in a dose of N97P75, N97P75K75 and N130P100K100 were included into the scheme of the experiment. Usage of soil for growing field crops reduces the content of calcium and magnesium in CEC, which reduces the degree of saturation of the soil with bases after two crop rotations from 87 to 81–84 %, depending on the fertilizer. The application of 9.0 t/ha of defecation allows to keep the value of these indicators at the initial level. The application of mineral fertilizers on the basis of liming improves the nutrient regime of the soil. As a result, applying mineral fertilizersat in a dose of N97P75K75 on the basis of 9.0 t/ha of defecation contributes to the increase of mobile phosphorus and potassium compounds in the soil at the end of the second crop rotation by 11 and 8 %, respectively. Averagely, application N60P60K60 for peas contributes to the increase of yield by 62 % in two rotations, while on the basis of liming – by 79–82 %, depending on the dose of defecation. Liming increases the effectiveness of potash fertilizers. In average, after two rotations of crops the increase of pea yield improves from 7 to 9–11 % on the basis of application of N60P60, depending on the doses of defecation | ||
| Key words | peas, soil, defecation, mineral fertilizers, agrarian and chemical soil properties | ||