Uman NUH | today: 12/21/2024
| Author(s) | Lubych V.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Lecturer of Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Grain, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine | ||
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2022 | issue | Issue 100. Part 1 |
| pages | 7-16 | index UDK | 632.4:631.526.3:633.112 | DOI | 10.31395/2415-8240-2022-100-1-7-16 (Link) |
| Abstract | Introduction. Durum wheat is basic raw materials for high quality pasta production. It is known that diseases and pests not only reduce grain yield, but also worsen its quality. In addition, different varieties have different resistance to harmful objects. Therefore, the study of the resistance of different winter durum wheat varieties to diseases and pests is relevant. Methods. Field, laboratory, statistical, analysis. Results. In 2014, the affect of leaf diseases reached 19.1–24.3 % with the maximum prevalence in the milk stage of grain depending on winter durum wheat variety. Viruses were appeared in the earing and milk stages of grain with maximum spreading. The intensity of afffect in the earing stage was from 41.6 to 43.8 %, and in the milk stage of grain increased by 24–30 % depending on the variety. Affected leaves in the earing stage were placed almost along the entire stem, except the apical one, and in the milk stage of grain all stem leaves were affected. The intensity of damage by leeches varied from 6.8 to 13.4 %, distribution – from 33 to 70 %, the number of damaged leaves – from 1.0 to 1.4 pcs/stem. Damaged leaves were placed along stem, except for the apical leaf. The intensity of damage to winter durum wheat leaves by barley flea beetles varied from 3.2 to 4.7 % depending on the variety. The leaves were damaged on all plant stems in the amount of 2 pcs/stem. The number of thrips varied from 41 to 52 pcs/stem. The content of damaged grain by capsid grain bugs did not change depending on the variety and was in the range of 0.05–0.10 % depending on research year. Conclusions. The intensity of damage to winter durum wheat plants varies significantly depending on the variety, with high resistance – 7–9 points. The studied winter durum wheat varieties (Partenit, Havan, Alyi parus, Cassiopeia, Kharkivska 32, Tavryda, Zolote runo, Burshtyn, Perlyna Odeska) are characterized by high resistance to brown leaf rust, leaf spots, root rot and leech damage, barley flea beetles and capsid grain bugs. At the same time, winter durum wheat varieties are susceptible to virus affect – 5 points. | ||
| Key words | brown leaf rust, root rot, leeches, bread fleas, lesions, resistance | ||