Uman NUH | today: 12/22/2024
| Author(s) |
Ryabovol Y.S., , postgraduate, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Ryabovol L.O., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Professor of Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2020 | issue | Issue number 96. Part 1 |
| pages | 277-291 | index UDK | 631.527.581.143:633.14 | DOI | 10.31395/2415-8240-2020-96-1-277-291 (Link) |
| Abstract | Changing the architecture of plants is an effective tool for ensuring the formation of new morphobiological features of plants and optimizing the structure of their population aimed at increasing the productivity of plants of winter rye. By changing the orientation of the placement in the space of the leaf blade, you can increase the area of the photosynthetic surface of winter rye plants and the area of sowing in total. The color of photosynthetic organs affects the content of chlorophyll in the cells of the samples and the photosynthetic activity of plants and, accordingly, the productivity of the culture. The type of inheritance of Sp/sp, L/l, W/w genes in generations is determined. It is confirmed that the signs of «erectoid arrangement of the leaf blade», «legality», «wax-free plaque» are controlled monogenically. The genes Sp/sp and W/w are inherited by the type of incomplete dominance, with the formation of intermediate traits in heretozygotes according to the scheme 1: 2: 1, and the gene L/l – according to the law of dominance according to the scheme 3: 1. These genes can serve as genetic markers for visual identification of the trait «sterility–fertility» and «hybridity» of crop plants, which simplifies the process of obtaining the original parental forms in the selection for heterosis. A collection of self-fertile donors of erectile trait genes by placing a leaf blade (303/15, 289/15), form without ligula (59–1), waxiless forms of photosynthetic organs (103/16, 314–22) was created. The possibility of transmission of recessive marker traits in generations by a number of backcross crosses and individual selections of genotypes with certain characteristics is shown. | ||
| Key words | : winter rye, marker genes, inheritance, donor of genes, genetic control of traits, initial material | ||