Uman NUH | today: 12/22/2024
| Author(s) |
Tereshchenko Y.F., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Ulich L.I., Candidate of Agricultural Science, , |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2013 | issue | Issue number 83, part 1 |
| pages | 44-49 | index UDK | 631.58:633.111 | DOI |
| Abstract | The results of years of researches (1965 – 2011) of Uman National University of Horticulture of the formation of high-yield crops of winter wheat with high grain quality, high crop quality of seeds and yield properties of seeds based on grades studying of morphobiological features and selection of complementary varieties, elaboration of their growing technology of appropriate predecessors in the crop rotation, fertilization, sowing terms, seeding rates on the final optimum thickness of productive stems, the optimal placement of seeds in seed bed, getting tight-knit, smooth, uniform, complete, competitive ability of seedlings, differentiated care of crops, are given. The effectiveness of these measures will increase using the creative, situational assessment of the nutrient status of the soil and plants, crop conditions, the time of resumption of the spring vegetation, weather, phytosanitary and economic conditions, as well as the use of high-performance reserves, which doesn’t require significant resource and money outlays (rapid seed breeding using the method of strip sowing of Myronivska breeding station, seeding rates on the final optimum thickness of productive stems and the optimal placement of seeds in seed bed). It was found that on the Right-bank Forest-steppe should be placed strong high intensive grades, after perennial grasses, vetch and oats and peas – intensive and after corn on silage — semi-intensive. The optimal background of fertilizer — a combination of the main phosphorus-potassium fertilizer after the best predecessors and complete fertilizer after corn with nitrogen spring-summer top-dressings, accordingly R90K60 and N90R90K60 with N30×3. Sowing should be done after the transition of the average daily temperature in 15 degrees starting from the highly plastic varieties after maize on silage, continuing with intense varieties after peas, vetch and oats and sainfoin, and ending with high intensive once in the period from 10 to 30 september. | ||
| Key words | winter wheat, type tall, complementary varieties, high intensive grades, intensive grades, semi-intensive grades, grade technology, the quality of seeds, crop quality of seeds. | ||