Uman National University | today: 12/25/2025
| Author(s) | Остапчук В. В., , , | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 107 part 1 |
| pages | 198-206 | index UDK | 633.11”324”:581.4 :631.84:631.547.67 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-107-1-198-206 (Link) |
| Abstract | The article presents the results of a three-year (2023–2025) field study conducted at the experimental plots of Uman National University. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of different nitrogen fertilizer rates on the growth, development, and structural characteristics of winter triticale under the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The experimental design included the application of ammonium nitrate during the winter period (December–January) at rates ranging from N30 to N120 kg/ha on a background of P60K60, as well as foliar fertilization with urea (N30) at the BBCH 50 stage and senication with ammonium sulfate (N30) at the BBCH 75 stage. The results showed that the duration of the vegetation period of winter triticale remained relatively stable—within 245–248 days—indicating the high ecological plasticity of the crop. A clear dependence of growth processes on the nitrogen nutrition level and weather conditions was established. In 2023, the plant height at the grain filling stage (BBCH 73) ranged from 101 to 110 cm, whereas in 2024, under conditions of sufficient moisture, it increased to 115–119 cm. The maximum height (121 cm) in 2025 was observed under the N120 treatment, which exceeded the control by 7 cm. A tendency toward stabilization of growth indicators was noted in years with higher temperatures and moisture deficit, indicating reduced efficiency of nitrogen fertilization under drought conditions. The density of productive stems increased with higher nitrogen doses: from 327 stems/m² in the control to 532 stems/m² under N120, which was 11–13% higher. Foliar application of urea promoted an additional increase in plant height by 3–4 cm, while senication with ammonium sulfate improved grain ripening processes. In summary, it was established that the optimal level of nitrogen fertilization for winter triticale under the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine is N90–120 kg/ha in combination with foliar feeding and senication. This ensures maximum biomass accumulation, stand stability, and enhanced efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus. | ||
| Key words | winter triticale, senication, plant height, density, nitrogen fertilizers | ||