Uman National University | today: 12/25/2025
| Author(s) |
Novak Zh.M., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Ryabovol L.O., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Professor of Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Lyubchenko A.I., Candidate of Agricultural Science, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Lybchenko I.O., postgraduate, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Синьоок І. В., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 107 part 1 |
| pages | 186-197 | index UDK | 633.11:631.527:631.531.02 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-107-1-186-197 (Link) |
| Abstract | The process of creating drought - tolerant crop accessions can be accelerated using early diagnostic methods. The research material comprised spring durum wheat lines 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, and 335, as well as spring bread wheat lines 336 and 337, developed at Uman National University. Drought tolerance of the wheat accessions was assessed by germinating seeds in mannitol solutions. The method is based on the ability of seeds of different genotypes to germinate under conditions of high osmotic pressure. Accessions whose seeds exhibited higher suction force than that of the osmotic solution were considered tolerant to the selective factor. Laboratory diagnostics of drought tolerance were conducted on wheat accessions obtained through intra- and interspecific hybridization, using mannitol solutions at concentrations of 0, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 %. It was found that at a 4 % concentration of the stress factor, germination of the breeding samples decreased by 7–35 %, at 6 % — by 14–54 %, and at 8 % — by 37–100 %. Mannitol concentrations of 8 % and 10 % were lethal for one and five wheat samples, respectively. Further increasing the mannitol concentration allowed the selection of spring bread wheat sample 336, which was drought-tolerant. Breeding materials of spring durum wheat samples 326 and 327, as well as spring bread wheat samples 336 and 337, exhibited stability under stress conditions across multiple traits, including germination, root length, stem height, and seedling biomass. Among the analyzed traits, plant stem length responded most significantly to stress, while seedling biomass was the most stable. The selected materials can be effectively used as a source of drought-tolerance genes in the breeding process to develop high-yielding varieties of spring bread and spring durum wheat. | ||
| Key words | wheat, drought resistance, germination, root length, stem height, seedling biomass | ||