Uman National University | today: 06/27/2025
| Author(s) | Булат А. Г., , , | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 106 Part 1 |
| pages | 36-45 | index UDK | 630.26.003.12:(582.916.31+581.46+581.47) | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-106-1-36-45 (Link) |
| Abstract | Problem Statement. In industrially developed cities, tree vegetation acts as a filter in combating air pollution, as trees absorb almost all types of chemical compounds that enter the atmosphere from industrial emissions, vehicles, and other sources. Increased anthropogenic impact leads to the rapid degradation of phytocoenoses, particularly those located in the green zones of modern industrial cities. Aims. The aim of the study is to analyze the fruiting characteristics of Catalpa bignonioides Walt under the impact of vehicle emissions. Results. The number of flowers in the inflorescences of C. bignonioides trees growing in relatively clean conditions (experimental site №. 2 – a park) decreased by 12.69 % compared to the control. For trees growing along highways, this indicator was lower by 28.24 %. The number of flowers in the experimental variants did not statistically differ from that of the control plants. The fruits per model branch decreased by 49.13 % compared to the control. A slightly smaller decrease was observed at experimental site № 2 – 29.88 %. The length of fruits was 78.75 % of the control values in the park and 72.01 % for trees growing along the highway. The width of the fruits was less influenced by the location of the plants, being 89.33 % of the control values in the park and 82.67 % along the highway. Similarly, the weight of seeds significantly decreased relative to the control (by almost 20 %) in the fruits of trees growing near the highway, while the seeds collected in the park weighed 5.66 % less compared to the control. A decrease in relative seed productivity (RSP) by 56.58 % compared to the control was recorded in plantations near the highway and by 38.60 % in the "Park" experimental variant. It was determined that the productivity coefficient (PC) ranged from 20.83 % to 35.16 %. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it was found that Catalpa bignonioides Walt. is characterized by regular fruit and seed formation despite the severe ecological conditions in urban environments. Harsh growing conditions along urban highways significantly impact the morphometric parameters of flowers and fruits, inflorescence length, and the seed productivity coefficient. | ||
| Key words | flowering, fruiting, yield, seed, environmental pollution | ||