Uman National University | today: 06/27/2025
| Author(s) | Mamchur T.V., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2025 | issue | Issue 106 Part 1 |
| pages | 609-615 | index UDK | 581.9:581.524.4(477.46) | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2025-106-1-609-615 (Link) |
| Abstract | Objective. To determine the role of the botanical nursery as an introduction center for ergasiophytes, ergasiophygophytes, and the spread of invasive species into natural conditions. Methods. Geobotanical, field, floristic, route surveys, and analytical methods were used. Results. Seven invasive species dangerous to natural flora were identified and analyzed. The invasive ergasiophygophytes include: Asclepias syriaca L. (Apocynaceae), Helianthus tuberosus L. (Asteraceae), Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden. (Apiaceae), Mirabilis nyctaginea (Michx.) MacMill. (Nyctaginaceae), Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. (Phytolaccaceae), Solidago canadensis L. (Asteraceae); and the invasive ergasiophyte is Thladiantha dubia Bunge (Cucurbitaceae). These are perennial herbaceous plants that were introduced and acclimatized in the botanical nursery of the university in 1964, 1975, 1992, and 2000 for educational purposes and landscaping. The species were categorized by degree of naturalization: one as an ergasiophyte and six as ergasiophygophytes. According to handwritten introduction plans preserved since 1964, cases of escape into the wild were recorded from 1990 to 2022. For example, Phytolacca acinosa and Solidago canadensis were introduced in 1975, and Asclepias syriaca in 1988. In terms of origin, most species are from North America (4), with two from Asia and one from Eurasia. The average naturalization period of these recorded alien invasive species was 30–60 years, though in some cases it may have been accelerated. These invasive species have been observed in specific localities in Cherkasy region, and their spread continues. According to herbarium specimens, Mirabilis nyctaginea is actively spreading along highways and railway lines in Cherkasy. Despite efforts by agricultural specialists to control it, the battle has been unsuccessful for over twenty years due to the formation of numerous diaspores in the soil and the development of strong metamorphosed organs (rhizomes and tubers) during the years of cultivation in introduction facilities. Conclusions. The historical overview of the botanical nursery as an introduction center confirms the spread of alien invasive species in Cherkasy region, particularly in Uman. The analysis of introduced taxa documented in historical herbarium specimens in the UM herbarium indicates seven highly dangerous invasive species. These plants still produce diaspores annually, contributing to their aggressive spread. Monitoring of naturalized invasive species is ongoing to contain them within their current natural range. Each year, the nursery is carefully maintained and carry out control measures against existing weeds and prevent their spread to neighboring research plots of university departments and the adjacent “Sofiyivka” Dendrological Park. | ||
| Key words | invasive species, introduced plants, botanical nursery, ergasiophytes, ergasiophygophytes, weeds | ||