Uman NUH | today: 12/21/2024
| Author(s) |
Ryabovol Y.S., , postgraduate, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Ryabovol L.O., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Professor of Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Сліденко С. І., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2024 | issue | Issue 105 part 1 |
| pages | 112-118 | index UDK | 631.527.581.143:633.14 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2024-105-1-112-118 (Link) |
| Abstract | World selection under global climate change is developing in the direction of creating high-yielding, drought-resistant varieties and hybrids of winter rye. Currently, in production, a significant share of the rye area is occupied by varieties-populations of winter rye – these are open-pollinated and synthetic varieties. They originate from the breeding of self-incompatible populations that are significantly improved by repeated semi- or full selection. A perspective direction of winter rye breeding is the creation of hybrids based on self-incompatibility and cytoplasmic genetic male sterility (CMS). Currently, to accelerate the creation of lines, biotechnological methods, in particular, the culture of dihaploids, are actively being developed and introduced into the selection process. The purpose of the research was the creation and testing of short-stemmed highly productive inbred lines of winter rye, which will be used by pollinators to obtain hybrids and synthetic varieties of the crop. The research was conducted at the research plots of the Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology of Uman National University of Horticulture during 2016–2024. The starting material for the creation of new lines was the varieties and hybrids of domestic and foreign selection Khlibne, Hasto, Dozor, Borotba, Kharkivske 98, Palazzo, Quttino, Barazetto and previously created inbred lines 118-1, a14-7, 1214-5, 1292-4. As a result of the conducted research, samples of winter rye obtained by hybridization of varieties, hybrids and inbred lines were created and tested, which are characterized by general and specific combining ability, short stemness, moderate grain size and ear density and TKW. Specimen 1731-9 stood out for its productive bushiness, forming more than eight ear-bearing stems, and for the length of the ear up to 10.0 cm and the number of grains in the ear more than 57 pcs. – sample 1744-2. The created material, as a donor of genes of valuable traits and as a source material for conducting heterosis selection and creating synthetic cultivars is advisable to use. | ||
| Key words | winter rye, inbred line, productivity, short stemness, economic and valuable traits | ||