Uman NUH | today: 01/22/2025
| Author(s) | Кадуріна А. О., , , | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2024 | issue | Issue 105 part 1 |
| pages | 202-212 | index UDK | 721.03 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2024-105-1-202-212 (Link) |
| Abstract | Parterres are elements that have always represented the most ceremonial, representative zones of garden and park complexes. Parterres often create the first impression of a park. Today, there are many types of parterres, so it is important to study the history of their development and understand what symbolic load they carry. In particular, it is interesting to study how parterres emphasize the images of buildings and reflect important information links using the example of garden and park design of the compositional core of the center of historical cities, directly in Odessa. A parterre is an area where ornamental plants are grown and make a pattern. This decorative composition, located on a horizontal plane, is made from plants (lawn grasses and low trimmed bushes) and loose or "dead" materials (sand, crushed birch charcoal, crushed tiles, broken glass, scale, etc.). Fountains, sculptures, potted plants, topiary, and flowers can be included in the parterre composition. A parterre flower garden is usually placed in the front area of the garden so that it attracts the eye with its brightness and originality. The simplest parterre flower garden can consist of a lawn with a flower border or a border edging it. A large area is required to create complex parterres. They are usually used to add a festive and pompous touch to houses that should reflect a high social status. Parterres by materials and forms are divided into: lace parterres (broderes), inlaid-ornamental, cut, English, water parterres. The main elements of lace parterres are: agraffes, volutes, crow's beak, grains, palmettes, rosettes, teardrops, tendrils and fleurons. The main theorists in the garden and park art of parterres in France during the period of Absolutism were: Jacques Mollet (invented lace parterres broderes), Jacques Androuet de Cerceau (a specialist in creating water parterres) and Jean Boalo (paid special attention to different types of flower parterres). Parterres, the most interesting from the point of view of symbolism, are located in the historical center of Odessa - in the Palais Royal, on Theater Square and in the Istanbul Park. The planning structure of the parterres of the Palais Royal bears the status and protective symbolism of the Sun. The lacy parterres with red tulips on the slopes of the Istanbul Park convey the idea of high status, love and twinning between Odessa and Istanbul. At any time, parterres have given parks an atmosphere of status and grandeur. They most effectively emphasize the idea of the park as a whole or highlight the great social significance of individual public buildings and structures in the life of the city. This trend, which began in the 17th century, still exists today. Parterre drawings act as a kind of calling card for parks and the city as a whole. | ||
| Key words | parterres, history, symbolism, classification, parks, Odessa, Palais Royal, Theater Square, Istanbul Park | ||