Uman NUH | today: 12/21/2024
| Author(s) |
Balabak O.A., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , National arboretum "Sofiyivka" Залізняк А. М., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2024 | issue | Issue 105 part 1 |
| pages | 278-286 | index UDK | 634.54:631.811.98:57:581 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2024-105-1-278-286 (Link) |
| Abstract | The aim of the research was to study the ecological and biological features of seed propagation of Turkish hazel in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods: field, laboratory-analytical, statistical. The results of studies of seed propagation of Turkish hazel (Corylus colurna L.) forms are presented and the influence of factors of preliminary preparation and terms of sowing nuts is analysed. It was established that seed germination and further development of Turkish hazel seedlings depend on the sowing dates, methods of nut preparation and ecological and biological characteristics. During autumn sowing of nuts with a calybium, the obtained seedlings significantly exceed in the habitus of development of the aboveground and root systems those seedlings obtained in the experimental variants during spring sowing. Of the studied intraspecific taxa, the highest germination was observed in the forms whose fruits had a significant kernel fullness, a larger number of nuts in the fruit and had fewer signs of pest and disease damage. The highest germination rate of nuts was recorded during autumn sowing of seeds with a calybium immediately after harvesting in all variants of the experiment, slightly lower germination rate of seeds was recorded during spring sowing of nuts that were processed under stratification conditions for about 240 days, and the lowest germination rates were recorded under conditions of autumn stratification of nuts for 30 days. At the same time, qualitative and quantitative indicators of seed germination and seedling development varied somewhat depending on the taxonomic form of the plant. The highest studied indices of Turkish hazel were recorded in forms Poltavska and Form 1, slightly lower in Form 2 and Fastigiata, and the lowest in form Nadia. As a result of the research, it was established that the highest growth rates of the aboveground part of Turkish hazel seedlings were recorded during autumn sowing with a calybium immediately after harvesting seeds and ranged from 144.1-152.1 mm. In other variants of the experiment, the growth rates were somewhat lower and ranged from 143.3-151.2 mm in autumn sowing after stratification for 30 days, and from 151.9-146.9 mm in spring sowing after stratification for 240 days. The diameter of the root collar of the seedlings of the studied forms of Turkish hazel also varied depending on the form features, methods of seed preparation and sowing dates. Thus, in the best variant of the experiment, when nuts were sown in autumn without stratification with a calybium, the diameter (in the form Poltavska) of the root collar was 0.7 mm larger than when nuts of the same form were sown in spring with stratified seeds. Conclusion: the best way to prepare Turkish hazel seeds is to sow the nuts in autumn with a calybium into the soil without stratification immediately after harvest. | ||
| Key words | Turkish hazel forms, seeds, nut, sowing dates, seedlings, root collar, calybium, stratification | ||