Uman NUH | today: 12/21/2024
| Author(s) | Литвиненко О. Б., , , | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2024 | issue | Issue 105 part 1 |
| pages | 213-217 | index UDK | 634.11:634.1-15:634.1.055:634.1.076 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2024-105-1-213-217 (Link) |
| Abstract | The immune apple varieties Florina, Red Topaz and Modi were studied for cultivation on rootstock M.9 and different crown shapes. Field, laboratory and mathematical statistics methods were used in the research. Phytometric observations were made according to the method of M. O. Bublyk. Statistical data processing was performed by analysis of variance. Growth processes of dervish fruit species are regulated by vegetation conditions. The analysis of meteorological indicators for the growing season of 2024 allows us to summarize that during our research, warming atypical for the region was observed, and during the growing season, temperatures were higher than the average long-term values. In terms of precipitation, almost all months were characterized by a significant moisture deficit, both soil and air, which created unfavorable conditions for the growth processes of the apple tree. Our studies of shoot growth dynamics showed that the increase in shoot length depended on the pomological variety and crown shape. Thus, the variety Florina, depending on the crown shape, had annual shoot growths from 26 cm (gruzbek crown shape) to 32 cm (French axis crown shape). It should be noted that the larger annual growths significantly prevailed in the French axis formation and averaged 32 cm. The obtained growths for the formation of gruzbek were at the level of 26 cm. The results obtained indicate difficult growing conditions, which consisted of high temperatures and insufficient moisture, both soil and air. The pomological variety Red Topaz was characterized by shoot growth similar to that of Florina. The dynamics of shoot growth shown in Fig. 2 shows that the largest increases in the weekly countdown were observed in August. The Red Topaz variety had slightly higher average shoot lengths compared to the Florina variety. In the pomological variety Red Topaz, the French axis horse form also stood out with higher shoot growth rates. The highest parameters of the average shoot length were noted in the Modi variety. They exceeded Florina variety by 12 cm (gruzbek formation) – 10 cm (French axis formation) and Red Topaz variety by 14 cm (gruzbek formation) – 7 cm (French axis formation). The average length of the shoot was 38 cm (grundback formation) – 42 cm (French axis formation). | ||
| Key words | apple tree, crown formation, immune varieties | ||