Uman NUH | today: 12/22/2024
| Author(s) |
Butsyk R. M., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Chaploutskyi A.M., , , Uman National University of Horticulture Ternavskiy A.G., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Самойленко М. О., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2024 | issue | Issue number 104. Part 1 |
| pages | 276-283 | index UDK | 634.8.07-021.465:631.547.4(477.4):577.175 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2024-104-1-276-283 (Link) |
| Abstract | Climate change with the frequent occurrence of environmental risk factors in the form of frost and hail cause damage to various organs of the bushes and loss of productivity or part of the crop. Among the agricultural measures that can compensate for the effects of such natural factors is the treatment of young berry ovaries with phytohormones, which are aimed at increasing or restoring the yield and improving the marketable quality of berries. Therefore, determining the effectiveness of phytohormones on the generative productivity of table grape varieties and the quality of the resulting crop determines the relevance of research. The studies have shown a significant impact of synthetic phytohormones on changes in the ripening time of the experimental varieties. The treatment of grape ovaries with gibberellin led to a delay in crop ripening by 2–3 days. A more significant factor in delaying berry ripening was the variant with the combined use of gibberellin and forchlorfenuron. On average, the delayed ripening of berries ranged from 13–19 days in the experimental varieties. The larger the berries of the grape variety, the longer the delay. Among the experimental variants, the treatment of bunches with gibberellin led to an increase in the yield of table grapes by 7–10 % on average for all experimental varieties. The highest increase in table grape yields by 5.1–5.7 t/ha was obtained with the combined use of gibberellin and forchlorfenuron. The treatment of young bunches with gibberellin caused an increase in the average weight of berries by 10–13 % on average for all experimental varieties. The largest berries in the experiment were obtained with the combined use of gibberellin and forchlorfenuron for spraying young ovaries, where their weight increased by 40 %. The highest increase in berry quality was facilitated by the combined use of gibberellin and forchlorfenuron, when the marketable value of berries was maximum and amounted to 85.8–89.5 %. When gibberellin and forchlorfenuron were used to treat young ovaries, the pink colour of the berries decreased to 30–40 %, which is obviously due to a delay in crop ripening and a lower intensity of anthocyanin accumulation. | ||
| Key words | grapes, phytohormones, gibberellin, forchlorfenuron, productivity, varieties, yield, quality | ||