Uman NUH | today: 07/08/2024
| Author(s) |
Савіна О. І., , , Попович Г. Б., , , Шейдик К. А., , , |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2024 | issue | Issue number 104. Part 1 |
| pages | index UDK | 634.1.144 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2024-104-1-136-148 (Link) |
| Abstract | The article reveals the importance of careful pruning blueberries to obtain an annual harvest of good quality. Regular pruning is an important part of the technological process of growing blueberries, but their importance and significance are often underestimated, considered as a secondary operation. The purpose of work was to work out the methods of pruning and loading on the blueberries bush of studied varieties in different ripening periods to stabilize their productivity. The study was carried out in industrial plantations in the lowland zone of Transcarpathia. The selected varieties Bluecrop, Chandler and Liberty belong to different ripeness groups, which makes it possible to more carefully study the peculiarity of crop formation with different pruning methods. Phenological observations and biometric measurements of plants were carried out. The duration of growing season in the Bluecrop variety reached 234 days, for the Liberty and Chandler varieties it was the same and amounted to 225 days. With careful pruning, the Bluecrop variety provided a bush height of up to 182 ± 17.2 cm (p ≤ 0.01) with a berry weight of 3.2 ± 0.8 g (p ≤ 0.01) and high abundance (5 points) compared to the control – 171 ± 23.1 cm (p ≤ 0.01) and 3.0 ± 0.6 g ( p≤ 0.01), respectively, with an abundance of 4 points. The yield per bush was highest with optimal pruning in the Chandler variety and reached 3304±111.5 g (p≤0.01) against the control of 2806 ± 124.7 g (p ≤ 0.01). With careful pruning, the Liberty variety provided high marketability: the number of large berries reached 70 %, the one-dimensionality was 9 points. With weak pruning and in control, marketability deteriorated significantly (30 and, respectively, 25 % of small berries), one-dimensionality decreased to 5 points. The Chandler variety did not react much to the quality of pruning, the one-dimensionality of berries did not decrease significantly (7 points) with the provision of small berries up to 20 %, which must be taken into account when pruning in production conditions. Poorly pruned plants, when thickened with low-productive branches, are more susceptible to diseases and pests. Thickened bushes are more difficult to care for, and subsequently harvest. Intensive pruning causes increased growth of new shoots, which take away nutrients and cannot form until full fruiting. Thus, you should pay attention to the optimal methods of pruning, since strong pruning sharply reduces the yield not only of this year, but also of subsequent years, weak pruning sharply reduces the yield due to small berries. | ||
| Key words | blueberries, varieties, pruning, fruit quality, yield | ||