Uman NUH | today: 07/08/2024
| Author(s) | Slobodianyk H. Ya., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine | ||
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2024 | issue | Issue number 104. Part 1 |
| pages | 284-296 | index UDK | 635.261 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2024-104-1-284-296 (Link) |
| Abstract | Leek is grown for its blanched pseudostem. The quality of the pseudostem is determined by its mass, height, and the proportion of a white part. Late varieties of leek are resistant to unfavorable growing conditions. Hilling leek plants with soil to stimulate pseudostem growth is not advisable on heavy soils and under drip irrigation. The alternative methods of blanching (factor B) of the leek pseudostem for the Goliath and Tango varieties (factor A) were studied during the period of 2019–2022. The cultivation method was transplanting with drip irrigation. The variants of factor B were soil hilling (control), black agrofabric, black polyethylene film, foil tube, and plastic tube. The agrofabric and polyethylene film were placed vertically along both sides of the row, shading the leek pseudostem. The height of the black film, polyethylene film, and tubes was 20 cm, and the diameter of the tubes was 6 cm. Blanching measures were applied since early July. Harvesting was done on October 10th. In the field study, the yielding capacity of leeks was determined depending on the growing technology. It was found that the overall height of the plants of the Tango variety was smaller regardless of factor B. The plants of the Goliath variety were 75–93 cm tall, with the shortest ones found in the variant using polyethylene film. On average, under blanching the leek pseudostem with black agrofabric, the total height of the plants was 6 cm higher than the control. On average, under the polyethylene film, the smallest leaf surface area was 11.0 thousand m²/ha. Under other methods of blanching the pseudostem, the leaf surface area was significantly larger than the control. The leek variety determined the leeks yielding capacity by 74 % while the blanching method – by 16 %. The maximum yielding capacity of the Goliath variety was in the variant of blanching the pseudostem under black agrofabric and made up 33.5 t/ha. After blanching the pseudostem in non-transparent tubes, the yield of the Goliath variety was on average 3.2–4.1 t/ha higher than after soil hilling. It is not advisable to blanch the pseudostem of the Tango variety in non-transparent tubes. The average yielding capacity of the Tango variety is 1.6 times lower than that one of the Goliath variety. Therefore, it is advisable to cultivate leeks of the Goliath variety with drip irrigation and to blanch the pseudostem under black agrofabric. | ||
| Key words | leek, variety, pseudostem, blanching methods, yield | ||