Uman NUH | today: 10/16/2024
| Author(s) |
Mudrak R.P., Doctor of Economics, , Uman National University of Horticulture Грабек Я. А., , , |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Category | Economics | ||
| year | 2023 | issue | Issue number 103. Part 2 |
| pages | 16-29 | index UDK | 339.9:330.143.2:338.43(477 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2023-103-2-16-29 (Link) |
| Abstract | The problem of effective inclusion of national product manufacturers in global value chains, their development and transition to stages where production of a higher share of added value is concentrated, is open and needs further development. First, this concerns the domestic production of food products. Ukraine has a high level of openness of the national economy, which is why it is an active participant in global value chains. Ukraine is a net exporter of agro-food products. The trend of growth in the positive balance of foreign trade in agro-food products has a high level of stability. To determine the export specialization of the agricultural sector of the economy of Ukraine, it is advisable to use the indicator «export specialization coefficient». It is defined, as the ratio of the value of the export of semi-finished food products and ready-made food to the value of the export of food raw materials. If its value is greater than one, then the export specialization of the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy is the supply of semi-finished and ready-to-eat food to the global food market. If the value is less than one, then the export specialization of the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy is the supply of food raw materials to the global food market. The global specialization of the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy changed during 2008–2022 – from a supplier of semi-finished products and ready-to-eat food, it is gradually turning into a supplier of food raw materials. This is a deterioration in terms of trade and lack of income, as Ukraine increases trade in products with the lowest share of added value. The strengthening of the raw material orientation of Ukrainian agro-food exports demonstrates relatively stable dynamics. In the structure of raw material exports, two product groups – 10 grain crops and 12 seeds and fruits of oil plants, provide more than 99 % of foreign exchange earnings. This significantly increases the risks of the «Dutch disease» of the Ukrainian economy. To increase revenues from participation in international food trade, Ukraine needs to improve its place in relevant global value chains. To solve this problem, it is necessary to provide stimulation of the development of the domestic food industry. | ||
| Key words | value chain, food production, export, import, raw materials, finished products, added value, price | ||