Uman NUH | today: 12/21/2024
| Author(s) |
Поліщук В. В., , , Колісник М. С., , , |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2023 | issue | Issue number 103. Part 1 |
| pages | 143-152 | index UDK | 633.63:631.531.12 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2023-103-143-152 (Link) |
| Abstract | Aims. Determining the soil moisture effect during the vegetation of Beta vulgaris saccharifera seeds on their growth, development, yield and seed quality. Methods. Research was carried out with plants of the MS component and the multi-seed pollinator of the Uman MS 90 hybrid of the tobacco research station selection during 2021–2023. Experimental scheme included three levels of soil moisture: soil moisture content 40 % of the m. c. (moisture capacity); soil moisture content 60 % of the m. c. and soil moisture content before flowering 60 %, after and before harvesting 80 % of the m. c. The results. It was determined that the soil moisture supply provided an increase in the biometric parameters of the seed banks — the height of plants of the MS component and the multi-seed pollinator, respectively from 48.9 cm and 55.7 cm at a soil moisture content of 40 % of the MC (moisture deficit) to 102.3 cm and 105.3 cm at a soil moisture content of 60 % before flowering and 80 % in the phases of flowering – seed maturation. On average, at a soil moisture content of 60 % MC during the entire growing season, the seed yield of the MS component increased by 23.4 g/plant, and multi-seed pollinator — by 26.9 g/plant compared to the soil moisture deficit. With insufficient soil moisture — 40 % of the MC, seed quality significantly decreased — germination energy by 53 %, germination rate by 34 % and seed quality by 15.3 %, compared to the variant where soil moisture was 60 % of the MC before flowering and 80 % in the flowering – ripening phase. Conclusions. It was determined that the onset of phenological phases of growth and development of Beta vulgaris saccharifera seeds varied depending on soil moisture, in particular, the moisture deficit led to accelerated maturation of seeds. It was found that a significantly lower seed yield per seed was obtained when it was grown at a soil moisture content at 40 % of the MC — 26.7 g/plant, and a significantly higher yield was obtained when the soil moisture content was maintained at 60 % of the MC in the phase from germination to flowering at 60 % of the MC, in the phase of flowering – maturation of seeds at 80 % of the MC — 50.1 and 53.3 g/plant, respectively. | ||
| Key words | moisture capacity, germination energy, germination, biometric parameters, growth and development phases | ||