Uman NUH | today: 12/22/2024
| Author(s) |
Chaploutskyi A.M., , , Uman National University of Horticulture Butsyk R. M., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2023 | issue | Issue number 103. Part 1 |
| pages | 69-76 | index UDK | 634.11:631.542.1:631.542.2 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2023-103-1-69-76 (Link) |
| Abstract | The aim of the research was to determine the influence and justification of the choice of crown shape and pruning time of apple trees of Fuji and Honey Crisp varieties grafted on dwarf rootstock M.9 in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, statistical. Results. Studies have revealed uneven formation of the number of flowers and ovaries by years and the prevalence of these indicators in Fuji trees by 17% and 18%, respectively, compared to Honey Crisp plantations. As a result of crown formation, the French axis and significant removal of the amount of overgrown wood as a result of pruning leads to a significantly lower formation of the number of flowers and ovaries. However, as a result of the formation of the ballerina crown and the removal of part of the fouling wood above the semi-glazed branches, which improves their lighting level and ensures additional formation of generative buds, it contributes to an increase in the number of flowers and ovaries. In particular, in the Fuji plantation, the formation of the ballerina crown in winter and summer contributed to an increase in the number of flowers by 14% and by 15% in Honeoye Crisp trees compared to the control variant of the experiment. A positive effect on the increase in the values of the indicator was caused by the introduction of an additional summer term of crown pruning by 8-10% compared to winter pruning. The value of the level of useful ovary differed among the variants of the experiment with the predominance of the value of the indicator as a result of the formation of the French axis crown (influence of the factor 6%), but no statistically significant difference within the indicator was found. Also, a significant influence of 13.8% on the change in the values of the indicator of the level of useful ovary was found by the joint action of the factors "year of research" and "crown shape". | ||
| Key words | apple tree, pruning, crown shape, pruning time, flowers, ovary, productivity | ||