Uman NUH | today: 10/15/2024
| Author(s) |
Hospodarenko G.M., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Cherno O.D., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Associate Professor of Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Novak A., Candidate of Agricultural Science, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2023 | issue | Issue number 102. Part 1 |
| pages | 26-34 | index UDK | 633.15:631.8 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2023-102-1-26-34 (Link) |
| Abstract | In the conditions of climate warming and drought, the recommendations on zonal technologies for growing the main field crops developed earlier by scientists turned out to be outdated and ineffective. The main problem affecting the growth and development of corn is the change in weather conditions, which lead to intraseasonal variability in yield. The article analyzes the meteorological conditions in the Right Bank Forest Steppe for 2020–2021 and establishes their compliance with the biological requirements for growing corn. The purpose of our research was to substantiate the biological features of the development of the mid-ripening corn hybrid DKS 3511 under the influence of weather conditions and to investigate its productivity under different fertilization systems in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. The scheme of the experiment included variants with the effect of mineral fertilizers and the aftereffect of mineral, organic and organo-mineral fertilization systems in field crop rotation. During the years of research, the weather conditions were contrasting, which made it possible to reveal their influence on the growth and development of corn plants. In both years of research, fertilizers had a positive effect on the realization of the genetic potential of corn. On average, over the years of research, the yield was 7.4 t/ha in areas where fertilizers were not applied. Under the mineral fertilization system, the productivity increased by 25–59%, organic – 25–53, organo-mineral – 28–59%. In both years of research, a significant advantage of one or another fertilization system was not found. The share of fertilizers in the formation of crop growth varied from 20 to 37 %. The temperature regime and the amount of precipitation during the growing season had different effects on the growth and development phases of corn plants. Increased temperatures and sufficient moisture supply contribute to the biological requirements of growing this crop. On the chernozem, silted with heavy loam of the Right Bank Forest Steppe, at doses of N135P135K135, the mid-early hybrid DKS 3511 maize realizes its genetic potential at the level of 11.8 t/ha. In the same version of the experiment, the share of the influence of fertilizers on the formation of crop growth is 37 %. | ||
| Key words | corn, fertilization system, temperature regime, amount of precipitation, development phases | ||