Uman NUH | today: 12/22/2024
| Author(s) |
Ryabovol L.O., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Professor of Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Ryabovol Y.S., , postgraduate, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Diordieva I., , , Uman National University of Horticulture |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2022 | issue | Issue number 101. Part 1 |
| pages | 16-27 | index UDK | 631.527.581.143:633.11 | DOI | 10.32782/2415-8240-2022-101-1-16-27 (Link) |
| Abstract | The article confirms the importance of a successful selection of starting material for conducting the breeding process of soft winter wheat. It is pointed out the need to involve forms with wheat-rye translocations in hybridization schemes. The presence of such material provides genetic control of productivity and adaptability in process creating new highly productive samples. Materials with 1AL/1RS and 1BL/1RS translocations have been identified, which are expedient to be used by gene donors in breeding to increase yield and grain quality. The purpose of the research was the theoretical justification and analysis of the inheritance of wheat-rye translocations by hybridization of domestic and foreign breeding varieties to obtain samples with translocations in the offspring. The research was carried out at the research sites of the Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology of the Uman National University of Science and Technology during 2014–2021. In our research, the domestic varieties Shchedrist Odeska and Zolotokolosa – with 1AL/1RS translocation, Favorite and Kryzhinka – with 1BL/1RS translocation, and two varieties Zorepad and Boriya, which do not have wheat-rye translocation genes, were chosen as the maternal form in our research. highly productive varieties of foreign selection Dagmar, Patras, Matrix, Samurai, Fronteras. By hybridization of high-yielding foreign varieties and domestic varieties, carriers of the wheat-rye translocation, genetic diversity of materials, in particular, samples from PZH, was obtained. Inheritance in the offspring of PZHT was fixed at the level of 5–10%. Soft winter wheat samples that inherited the genes of wheat-rye translocations 1AL/1RS and 1BL/1RS are characterized by high productivity and grain quality. It is expedient to use them as gene donors in breeding studies to obtain highly productive and adaptive crop varieties. It was established that materials with wheat-rye translocation 1AL/1RS have significantly higher grain quality indicators than with translocation 1BL/1RS. The created samples were added to the selection process as new donors of economic and valuable traits. | ||
| Key words | soft winter wheat, source material, sample, 1AL/1RS and 1BL/1RS translocations, gene donor, productivity | ||