Uman NUH | today: 12/22/2024
| Author(s) |
Ryabovol L.O., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Professor of Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Білокур Ю. В., , , |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2022 | issue | Issue 100. Part 1 |
| pages | 137-145 | index UDK | 631.52:633.15 | DOI | 10.31395/2415-8240-2022-100-1-137-145 (Link) |
| Abstract | The main issue of modern maize breeding is the creation of intensive type hybrids with a high level of yield. Corn with erectile arrangement of the leaf blade meets these criteria. Features of the architecture of corn plants determine access to the leaves of direct and diffused sunlight. Increasing the productivity of photosynthesis by optimal placement in space of the assimilating surface of the leaf blade is achieved. Due to the erectoidity of the leaves is not only intensive absorption of light, but also improves the accumulation of nitrogen in the leaves, which contributes to the filling of the grain. Forms with erectile leaf arrangement, which are characteristic of an effective model of photosynthesis, are successfully used in the selection process to increase yields by increasing the number of plants per unit area. This feature is especially important for early forms, which are not characterized by high genetic potential for productivity. As a result of research, it is proved that the angles of deviation between the upper and middle leaves of erectile and semi-erectile hybrids are almost identical. In non-erectal hybrids, the difference between the angle of deviation of the upper and middle leaves is significant. During research the technique of identification of samples of corn on the level of erectility of plants at definition of an angle of deviation of the top leaf from a stalk is developed. A scale for ranking lines and hybrids into non-erectoid, semi-erectoid, erectoid and suprarectoid forms is proposed. It was confirmed that the angle of deviation of the upper leaf blade shows a more significant difference between erectile and non-erectile materials than the angle of deviation of the middle leaf, noting the level of erectility of crops | ||
| Key words | corn, erectoid forms, architectonics, leaf blade, angle of deviation, line, hybrid | ||