Uman NUH | today: 12/22/2024
| Author(s) |
Lyubchenko A.I., Candidate of Agricultural Science, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Lybchenko I.O., postgraduate, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2020 | issue | Issue number 96. Part 1 |
| pages | 303-319 | index UDK | 001.82:631.165:633.85 | DOI | 10.31395/2415-8240-2020-96-1-303-319 (Link) |
| Abstract | Camelina sativa, due to resistance to pests and diseases, short growing season and unpretentiousness, can be grown in different soil and climatic zones with high economic efficiency. The introduction of high-yielding adaptive varieties is the main condition for increasing the production of camelina sativa. Biotechnological methods are used to increase the efficiency of the selection process. In adaptive selection of agricultural plants, in vitro culture makes it possible to control the growing conditions of the biomaterial, to model the force of the stressor and to study its impact on the bioobject. Somaclonal variability arising from the cultivation of material in vitro has a random uncontrolled nature, ie along with beneficial mutations occur and harmful. Therefore, the obligatory stage of cell selection is the evaluation of the obtained somaclones by a set of economically valuable traits in ex vitro conditions. The aim of our study was to analyze the productivity and structure elements of the crop created by cell selection methods based on the somaclonal variability of the source material of camelina sativa resistant to chloride salinity and osmotic stress. The created samples were characterized by individual morphological indicators and differed from the original varieties of explant donors. The dependence of the formation of productivity elements of somaclonal lines on weather conditions is noted. On average, over the years of research, depending on the genotype, the branching of plants was 5.4–12.8 pieces. From 81.7 to 161.4 pods were formed on the plant, 8.2–14.0 seeds with a mass of 1000 seeds in the range of 0.9–1.4 g were formed in one pod. Seed productivity of plants of somaclonal lines, depending on a genotype and weather conditions of the year, varied from 0.8 to 2.3 g. The highest productivity is noted in lines С-87-7, С-121-2, П-46-5, П-248-8 and П-646-3. The high level of seed productivity of these numbers is due to the formation of pods by plants in the amount of 111.5–161.4 pieces, with 9.6–13.6 seeds in each, and the weight of 1000 seeds was 0.9–1.2 g. The isolated genotypes can be used as a source material to create high-yielding varieties of camelina sativa resistant to negative environmental factors. | ||
| Key words | camelina sativa, somaclonal line, seed productivity, morphological features | ||