Uman NUH | today: 12/21/2024
| Author(s) |
Karnaukh O.B., Candidate of Agricultural Science, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Eshchenko V.O., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Head of Department of General Agriculture, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Kalievskiy М.V., Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Usyk S.V., Candidate of Agricultural Science, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Koval G.V., postgraduate, , Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | The Agronomy | ||
| year | 2019 | issue | Issue number 95. Part 1 |
| pages | 105-115 | index UDK | 633.16:631.153.3 | DOI | 10.31395/2415-8240-2019-95-1-105-115 (Link) |
| Abstract | The results of field studies on the reaction of spring barley to the clogging of crops, which was established in different periods of crop vegetation under the influence of gill plowing and flat-cut cropping to a depth of 20–22 cm, as well as disk cropping to a depth of 10–12 cm of black soil podzolized in the forest, are presented. of Ukraine. It was found that, on a herbicide-free background, less plowed barley crops of spring barley during the vegetation period were against a backdrop of plowing, where on average for five years weeds at the beginning of the vegetation of the crop were less than 15,8 and 26,0, respectively, compared to flat-cut and disc-tillage. pcs/m2 or by 30,2 and 49,7 %. At the middle and end of barley vegetation, the weediness of its crops on the background of plowing decreased by 4,9 and 12,4 pcs/m2, respectively, or by 16,2 and 41,0 %, and 4,4 and 10,0 pcs/m2 or 17,3 and 39,5 %. The level of clogging of crops on a herbicidal background on the middle of the growing season of barley and before its harvest was in the range of 5,6 and 6,5 pcs/m2 – against the background of plowing, and for flat-cut and disk loosening respectively 6,7 and 7,9, as well as 8,1 and 9,1 pcs/m2. The level of grain productivity of spring barley crops, as well as their clogging, was determined by the method of basic tillage. Barley yields were highest each year on herbicide-free and herbicidal backgrounds due to the dumping of basic tillage with low tillage. When the plow was replaced by flat-cut tillage, the grain productivity of the barley was reduced by a small amount, and was within the smallest significant difference. For an average of five years, the yield on a soil-free, non-herbicidal backdrop with the use of soil tillage was 3,47 t/ha, and in the case of flat and disk loosening this indicator decreased by 0,16 and 0,38 t/ha, respectively. On the herbicide background, the plow yield was 3,71 t/ha, and in the case of flat-cut and disk loosening the crop yield was 0,08 and 0,35 t/ha, respectively. From this it follows that the use of disc tillage at the depth of 10–12 cm as the main soil cultivation leads to a significant increase in crop dirt and crop failure, and therefore its use is impractical even when using herbicides. | ||
| Key words | spring barley, plowing, plow-cutting cultivation, disking, weediness of crops, productivity. | ||